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DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION OF A WIRELESS BLUETOOTH SPEAKER

| Format: Ms Word | 1-5 Chapters | Table of Content|

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Abstract

The study on design and construction of a wireless Bluetooth speaker system came in at a time where Nigeria need more technological advancement and automation. Bluetooth speakers although not common from the literature review but have been gaining popularity in recent years. Bluetooth technology was created in the late 1990s, and mainly used to establish a short-range wireless connection between two handheld mobile devices. The primary aim of the project is to design a system that will receive wireless stereo audio from a source and give an output useful for both indoor and outdoor purposes. The objectives of this project is to design and construct a system, which maintains 20-WRMS output power, and can be controlled either with a smartphones, tablets and computers with a Bluetooth connection. The wireless Bluetooth setup will also makes it possible to transfer a stereo audio signal from a handheld device to a speaker unit. The Bluetooth device can connects to an external device at a maximum range of 10m Line of Sight from it, with a battery rating of 2000mAH and the amplifier battery rating of 24000mAH. It operates under the Bluetooth Class 2 specification with 2.5-mW (4 dBm) transmission power.

                                        TABLE OF CONTENTS

COVER PAGE

TITLE PAGE

APPROVAL PAGE

DEDICATION

ACKNOWELDGEMENT

ABSTRACT

CHAPTER ONE

1.1     Introduction

  1. Problem Statement
    1. Aims/Objective of the Project
    1. Significance of the Project
    1. Scope of the Project
    1. Limitation of the Project
    1. Application of the Project
    1. Methodology
    1. Project Organization

CHAPTER TWO

Literature Review

  • Conceptual Framework
    • Concept  of Speaker
    • Concept  of Bluetooth
    • Theoretical Framework
    • Empirical Framework

CHAPTER THREE

METHODOLOGY

3.1 Research Design

3.2 Research Procedures

3.3 Materials for Construction

CHAPTER FOUR

CONSTRUCTION AND PROCEDURES OF WIRELESS BLUETOOTH SPEAKER DEVICE

4.1 Conceptuality and Design

4.2 Preparation

4.3 Workshop

4.4 Gathering of Materials and Tools

4.5 Production

4.6 Testing and Packaging

CHAPTER FIVE

CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS

5.1 Conclusion

5.2 Recommendations

5.3 Suggestion for Further Studies

References

                                              CHAPTER ONE

1.1 Introduction

There is always the danger of obstructions and unauthorized by-passers in wired systems. Before now, most of the available audio speaker systems were solely dependent on a wired connection. Under normal circumstances, speakers need a cable linking them to an audio source (be that cable a pair of speaker cables running to a full blown stereo system with an amp or just a simple 3.5 mm phono cable leading to an iPod) to function. The introduction of Bluetooth speakers eradicated this physical-cable limitation by relying on the same Bluetooth protocol and audio system that underlies Bluetooth wireless cellphone earpieces and in-car Bluetooth speakerphone systems.

Wireless Bluetooth  Speakers  supports  frequency range  between 8kHz  and 16kHz,  high-quality stereo audio  (up to  48 kHz), with multiple profiles existing  for audio  transmission. It is also used for connecting two devices for control or communication e.g.  head-set and  hands-free kits,  stereo audio  devices, keyboards  and  mice, medical  and sports sensors (Vilkamo 2008). There are many different version of Bluetooth and many different Bluetooth profiles. A Bluetooth profile is a specification for a particular feature that can be implemented in Bluetooth devices. Basically, all wireless audio communication systems have basically two modes of operation namely: the popular radio frequency (RF) mode and the free space optical mode (Mohamad et al. 2013).

Wireless Bluetooth speaker is a highly secure audio device owing to its support for authentication, authorization and encryption. The term ‘wireless’ in the audio devices does not mean ‘wireless’ – rather all it means is less wires or embedded wires. And this applies to Bluetooth wireless speaker system today. This system just like other wireless audio communication systems is divided into two units namely: the transmitter unit and the receiver unit. Wireless Bluetooth speaker is a low power consumption device with high interoperability (Vainio 2000). Speakers  with Bluetooth connectivity supports frequency range  between 8kHz  and 16kHz,  high-quality stereo audio  (up to  48 kHz), with multiple profiles existing  for audio  transmission.

Wireless Bluetooth speakers are different from Wi-Fi based audio solutions, like the whole-house Sonos system, in several key ways. First, wireless Bluetooth solutions are typically meant to be highly portable whereas whole-house solutions are usually installed permanently or semi-permanently in fixed locations.

Second, wireless Bluetooth speakers link directly to their source (usually a phone or tablet) and require no intermediary whereas whole-house solutions require the Wi-Fi network to bridge the source and the devices. This also allows whole-house networks to broadcast the same music stream to multiple and distance speakers, however, a feature impractical for Bluetooth speakers that have a roughly 30 foot range. Lastly, audio quality is slightly higher on wireless Bluetooth systems than on Wi-Fi systems (all other variables the same) simply because of the nature of the transmission; practically speaking this is a non-consideration; however, as under casual listening conditions the difference would be indiscernible to most.

There have been some related project to this present project such as (Park & Kim, 2010) who designed a wireless class-D stereo amplifier system, suitable for mobile IT devices such as Motion Picture Expert Group Layer-3 (MP3) players and Portable Media Players (PMP).  Abubakar (2011), designed a wireless public address system and implemented it by constructing a prototype using locally source materials. More so, Jussi et al., (2014) did a research on local control of the audio environment. This local audio environment was achieved using a directional speaker and reported that directional speaker systems perform best when there is enough ambient noise to mask the leaking sound.

1.2 Problem Statement

The projection of audio sounds in the some years back was only possible through the connection of wires from an amplified system to a speaker or speakers. The challenges to this was that a moving object or someone passing by might carelessly or ignorantly kick off the connected wires from the speakers. Also operating such sound system needed a steady source of supply either from AC or DC source, and where NEPA is not available a generator set was the only alternative in Nigeria. There was a need to design a system that would be simple and easy to carry about, consume less power, have a long lifespan and cost effective. Today the introduction of a wireless audio devices eradicates these challenges, as it makes use of embedded circuit in place of wires and a rechargeable durable battery to replace power source. This present project fill in these gap through the design and construction of a wireless Bluetooth speaker. 

1.3 Aim/Objectives

1.3.1 Aim

The primary aim of this project work is to design and construct a wireless Bluetooth speaker system that makes it possible to transfer a stereo audio signal from a handheld device to a wireless Bluetooth device.

1.3.2 Objectives

  1. To design a system, which maintains 20-WRMS output power, that can be controlled either with a handset containing a Bluetooth connection and a music player through a Bluetooth module.
  2. To build a wireless Bluetooth audio system that can communicate within a short range of about 10-20 meters.
  3. To build a wireless Bluetooth system with a reduced (low) power consumption.
  4. To build a wireless audio Bluetooth speaker system that is cost effective, portable, efficient and of low complexity.

1.4 Significance of the Project

The design and construction of a wireless Bluetooth speaker will replace traditional wired speakers systems, bookshelf speakers, and other audio systems. The benefit of this portable Bluetooth system is that we can easily move around our house, offices, and environments without being interrupted by objects or people as it is wireless and only connected to your smartphones.

This Wireless Bluetooth speaker will make outdoor audio sounds fun and more interesting, as it will reduces stress when taking your portable audio device outside to anywhere of choice like the beach, music/instrument rehearsals and so on.

This Wireless system is also a convenient way of listening to music away from your computer, home stereo system, or car and especially when you wish to listen to music that is digitalized (be it via streaming or files stored on your phone, iPhone and tablet) then a wireless Bluetooth speaker is pretty much exactly what you’re looking for.

Finally, this project will serve as a mirror of reflection to music technology students who may wish to embark on a project of this nature in future.

1.5 Scope of the Project

Wireless Bluetooth stereo audio system is design to maintain 20-WRMS output power, which can be controlled either with a handset containing a Bluetooth connection and a music player or with any other smart digital device. This system has but not limited to the following components:

  1. Dual 3W (4ohms) 35mm Neodymium Drivers
  2. High Efficiency 2x3W Amplifier (0.1%THD)
  3. 1,000 mAh Rechargeable Li-ion Battery (9hrs Playback)
  4. 15 meter Standard Bluetooth Range
  5. 3.5mm Auxiliary Ready
  6. Mini USB Charge Plug

1.6 Limitation of the Project

A design of this nature would not come without any limitations as there must certainly be some challenges to the process of achieving a perfect system.

  1. The limitation of wireless Bluetooth speaker is that the speakers are usually a bit small and the sound doesn’t quite fill a very large room.
  2. This wireless Bluetooth speaker system can only work within a close range of about 7-10 meters.
  3. The efficiency and durability of the charging pot connector is low, as it could be easily pulled off the vero board if handled with caution.
  4. A Bluetooth amplifier board connects the speakers and a 24-volt power supply is needed to drive everything. You’ll need a soldering iron and screwdriver to finish the connections. In a country like Nigeria where power supply is still posing a serious challenge to the country, such challenges also slow down the speed of the construction.

1.7 Application of the Project

i.        It is used in various types of high-quality Bluetooth stereo headphones.

ii.       It is used in stereo speakers, stereo.

iii.      All kinds of high-quality wireless Bluetooth stereo audio receiver equipment.

1.8     Methodology

To achieve the aim and objectives of this work, the following are the steps involved:

  1. Research previous works related to the project so as to improve it efficiency.
  2. Draw a block diagram.
  3. Test for continuity of components and devices,
  4. Design and calculation for the changeover was carried out.
  5. Studying of various component used in circuit.
  6. Construct a changeover circuit.
  7. Finally, the whole device was cased and final test was carried out.

1.9 Organization of Project

The project is organized as follows: chapter one discuss the introduction, problem statement, aims/objective of the project, and significance of the project, scope of the project, limitation of the project, application of the project, methodology, and project organization. The chapter two presents the literature review of the study, chapter three describes the methods applied, chapter four discusses the results of the work, chapter five summarizes the research outcomes and the recommendations.

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