EMBRACING TOP-DOWN INFORMATION COMMUNICATION AS A MEANS OF ENHANCING INNOVATION IN ORGANIZATIONS
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TITLE PAGE
Certification
Dedication
Acknowledgement
Table of Content
List of Tables
ABSTRACT
CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background of the study
1.2 Statement of the problem
1.3 Objective of the study
1.5 Research hypotheses
1.6 Significance of the study
1.7 Scope of the study
1.8 Limitation of the study
1.9 Definition of terms
CHAPTER TWO: REVIEW OF LITERATURE
2.1 Review of concepts
2.2 Review of related literature
2.3 Review of Empirical studies
2.4 Theoretical Framework
CHAPTER THREE: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
3.1 Research Design
3.2 Population of the study
3.3 Sample size determination
3.4 Sample size selection technique and procedure
3.5 Research Instrument and Administration
3.6 Method of data collection
3.7 Method of data analysis
3.8 Validity and Reliability of the study
CHAPTER FOUR: DATA PRESENTATION AND ANALYSIS
4.1 Data Presentation
4.2 Answering Research Questions
4.3 Test of Hypotheses
CHAPTER FIVE: SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION
5.1 Summary
5.2 Conclusion
5.3 Recommendation
References
Appendix
ABSTRACT
This study was carried out on embracing top-down information communication as a means of enhancing innovation in organizations. Specifically, the study examined 5 selected companies in Lagos State. The study employed the survey descriptive research design. A total of 230 responses were validated from the survey. The study adopted the conversational theory. From the responses obtained and analysed, the findings revealed that top-down information communication has a significant effect on organizational profitability. Furthermore, the study revealed that there is a significant difference in barriers experienced between top-down communication and down-top communication. This is as the t- test analysis showed a positive significant difference (29.383**) between top-down communication and down-top communication. The study recommend that organizations should incorporate feedback availing facility along with top down communication and that regular report taken from executives about performance of employees.
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
All human interactions are form of communication. In this business world, nothing can be achieved without effectively communicating with employers, employees, clients, suppliers, and customers. If you look at the most successful business people in the world, you will see people who have mastered the art of communication. Business all over the world today is very challenging. To stay profitable in the highly challenging and competitive global market economy all factors at production (i.e men, machine and materials), should be wisely managed. Among the factors of production, human resource constitutes the biggest challenge because unlike inputs, employee management demands skillful handling of thoughts, feelings and emotions to secure highest productivity. Effective organizational communication plays an important role in this challenge. Communication has crucial impacts or among work groups in that organizational communication is a channel to flow information, resources, and even policies. “Organizational communication can be broadly defined as communication with one another in the context of an organization (Eisenberg & Good all, 1997; Shockley-Zalabak, 2006)” as cited in EunjuPhd (2009). This type of communication, in turn, includes activities of sending and receiving message through various layers of authority, using various message systems, and discussing various topics of interest to the group we belong to or the company we work for. Organizational communication research has mainly been conducted both in the business management field and in the communication field; however, researchers in the public administration field have provided little knowledge about organizational communication and its roles and effects. (EunjuPhd, 2009). Several studies emphasize that effective communication can enhance organizational outcomes (Garnelt, Marlowe, & Pandey, 2008; Pandey &Garnelt, 2006). Communication influence on the perception and opinions about persons, communities, organizations, governments, and even society. As a managerial tool, communication is frequently expected to share information with members, to coordinate activities, to reduce unnecessary managerial burdens and, rules and ultimately to improve organizational performance. (EunjuPhd, 2009).
Conclusively, in all human organization, the art of communication cannot be overemphasized; it is the means by which people interact and work with one another. Just like blood stream in people, communication represents the bloodstream of organization. This means that nothing can be achieved in an organization without effective communication. Communication skills are important in all human endavours, including business. Even though communication skills are so important to success in the workplace, there are many individuals who find that there is a limit to their communication skills and that they seen to have reached a stumbling block in their progress. They may sometimes struggle to convey their thoughts and ideals in an accurate manner, making it difficult to reach their full potential as a communicator, a manager, and a leader of others.
Top down communication is the method of communication in which the information or instructions within an organisation are issue from the higher level of organisational hierarchy and the nature as well as amount of information varies based on the level of organisational hierarchy (Daft, 2012). Each tier of the organisational structure receives information from the exactly upper level of the hierarchy. The information filters down to the employees as per the managerial structure of the company, which proves to be effective in ensuring a systematic flow of information, power and authority within the company. Then again, employee engagement refers to the involvement and enthusiasm among employees of a business organisation that enable them to feel associated with the business organisational in deeper level which enables them to work hard for contributing to the organisational development (Cole et al. 2012, p.1552).
1.2 PROBLEM STATEMENT
Without doubt a high percentage of inefficiency and misunderstanding in organization can be traceable to inadequate and insufficient understanding of information.
Since Top-down Information communication is said to be the nervous system of any organized group. Davis (2002).
No doubt there are some problems associated with effective Top-down Information communication on organizational performance these include.
i. Poor listening and premature evaluation when people do not listen carefully to what is being said to them, this will in turn result to premature evaluation
ii. Information overload: When information is too much it will lead to misinterpretation
iii. Difference in status and power between the sender and the receiver of information is another barrier to effective Top-down Information communication.
iv. Selective perception: people tend to perceive what they expect to perceive in Top-down Information communication, it means that they hear what they want to hear and ignore other relevant information.
1.3 PURPOSE OF THE STUDY
The purpose of this study is to examine the factors affecting Top-down Information communication as a means of enhancing innovation in Organizations. Specifically, the study:
- To assess the effect of Top-down Information communication on the field of management.
- To identify the existing Top-down Information communication barriers in an organization.
- To access the contribution and important role played by effective Top-down Information communication in an organization towards enhancing production and profitability.
- To find out what Top-down Information communication is all about, how it is done, what instruments are used and what qualities can make up a system of Top-down Information communication effective in an organization.
- To ascertain and identify the problems of ineffective Top-down Information communication and to suggest possible solution so as to achieve better Top-down Information communication network in an enterprise.
- To identify the possible barriers that lead to Top-down Information communication breakdown.
- To know if there is any relationship between effective Top-down Information communication and performance of employees.
- To know if there is any relationship between Top-down Information communication and effective management.
1.4 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
This extended study would be of benefit to academicians and the students of business administrative studies at all levels and member of the public who would stand to benefit from the work, especially managers, administrative officers both in the public and private sector
Again, it can also be used by researchers as prelude to another research or reference material for use by entrepreneurs who may find the work useful.
Besides, it is my belief that this study will be found useful by the enterprise and consequently other organizations which may wish to achieve their established objectives. This is because Top-down Information communication in both private and public undertaking be it non-profit or profit motive play a vital role in enhancing productivity due to the fact that it integrates the management functions in an organization. Since it influence action towards the welfare of organization. Indeed, Top-down Information communication also brings about utilization, improvement and retention of various organization manpower (labour force)
1.5 STUDY HYPOTHESIS
The study hypothesis is:
HO1: Top-down Information communication in an organization has no significant effect on production and profitability.
HO2: There is no significant difference in barriers experienced between top-down communication and down-top communication.
1.6 SCOPE AND LIMITATIONS OF THE STUDY
The study scope is limited to examine the factors affecting Top-down Information communication as a means of enhancing innovation in Organizations using 5 selected companies in Lagos state as case study. Limitation faced by the research was limited time and financial constraint
1.7 DEFINITION OF BASIC TERMINOLOGIES
Organization: Is defined as a group of people with a common goal to achieve
Population: This is defined as a group of people which are similar in one or more ways and which form the subject of study in a particular study
Sample: Sample is defined as a fractional represent actives of an object from where inferences is drawn
Information: Information are processed data or result from logical manipulation of data which allows decision making
Subordinate: are those low rank workers that carryout the duties assed to them
1.8 ORGANISATION OF STUDY
The study is grouped into five chapters. This chapter being the first gives an introduction to the study. Chapter two gives a review of the related literature. Chapter three presents the research methodology; chapter four presents the data analysis as well as interpretation and discussion of the results. Chapter five gives a summary of findings and recommendations.
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