FACTORS MILITATING AGAINST THE EFFECTIVE TEACHING AND LEARNING OF COMPUTER SCIENCE
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Abstract
This study was is carried out to investigate the factors militating against the effective teaching and learning of Computer Science in Junior Secondary Schools in Edo State. The study aims at finding the challenges facing the teaching and learning of computer science in junior secondary schools in Nigeria, to identify the teaching method used by teachers in teaching-learning of computer in junior classes in Edo State, to identify the problems facing teachers and students in teaching- learning of computer science in Edo State etc. Data was collected from 50 respondents comprising of 10 instructors and 40 students randomly selected from Secondary Schools in Edo State. The analysis of data collected revealed that inadequate professionally trained teachers, inadequate computers, inadequate instructional resources, inadequate instructional resources, lack of motivation and incentive for teachers, lack of encouragement and motivation for the students, student apathy and indifference are problems associated with the teaching and learning of computer science education. It was recommended inter alia, that computer science teachers should be given appropriate pedagogical training to provide them with the requisite knowledge needed for efficient and better performance and the relevant instructional resources and support infrastructural facilities provided to ensure effective teaching and learning of computer science at the institutions.
Table of Content
Title Page
Approval Page
Certificate
Dedication
Acknowledgement
Table Of Contents
Abstract
Chapter 1:
1.0 Introduction
1.1 Background Of The Study
1.2 Statement Of The Problem
1.3 Purpose Of The Study
1.4 Significance Of The Study
1.5 Scope/Delimitation Of The Study
1.6 Research Questions
Chapter Ii:
2.0 Review Of Relative Literature
2.1 Concepts Of Terms
2.2 The Historical, /Concept Of Computers
Chapter Iii:
3.0 Research Methods
3.1 Research Design
3.2 Area Of Study
3.3 Population Of The Sample And Sampling Techniques
3.4 Instrument For Data Collection
3.5 Method Of Data Analysis
Chapter Iv:
4.0 Data Presentations And Analysis
– Data Presentations And Analysis
Chapter V:
5.0 Summary Of Findings, Conclusion And Recommendations
5.1 Major Findings Of The Study
5.2 Conclusion
5.3 Recommendations
5.4 Area Suggested For Data Further Studies
References
Appendix
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background of the study
The world today is assuming a global village through the use and application of information and communication technology (ICT). Ughamadu (2018) rightly notes that one will be in his office or residence and monitor the events that happen all over the world. This scientific discoveries and manipulations are made possible through the use of computers and other modern and ultra-modern and invention in the field of science and technology. Computer as a tool has been exposed and it’s being utilized in the effective management of education in so many countries (Urah 2015). Countries of the world are said to be developed or not depending on their level of educational development.
For people to be fully integrated into the global system through the use of internet and other computer application, such persons ought to pass through the required training as offered by the teacher. The product of teaching (student) ought to be in a position not only to learn the subject but to harness all the necessary information and development of the computer. Computer science like every other aspect of natural science requires more of the students engaging in the observational and practical method of teaching. The teacher on his part should be equal to the task of not only ensuring that he or she monitor the behavioural change on the students in the processes of learning but also be in total compliance to the current technology in the computer world. According to Ezeora (2015), the level of computer literacy one attains gives one an edge over his or her counterparts with less level of computer literacy. Impact the desired knowledge of computer is no less the responsibility of both the teacher and learner hence, both have outstanding roles they play not only in acquisition of literacy but in the overall development of the educational system.
John Ugoji (2006) explains computer as an electronic machine that performs tasks. Such as calculation or electronic communication under the control of a set of instruction called programmes. The programmes usually resides within the computer and are retrieved as processed by the computer’s election.
He went further into defining computer as an electronic machines that has the ability to accept data, process data and retrieve data i.e. gives out the result as information. Okolo Lawrence (2007) describes the term “computer” as an electronic machine or gadget that accepts data as input and process them electronically to produce the desired output or information with the aid of a set instructions.
Computer can be generally defined as an electronic device that accepts data, process the data and brings out the result of the data as an information. Involving computer science into teaching-learning as a case in Enugu North Junior Secondary Schools simply means that teaching should carry a definition of computer during learning for easy understanding. In this case, teaching according to Nicholas .O. Anyanwu (2006) means a systematic, rational and organized process of transmitting knowledge, attitude and skills in accordance with professional principles. He also said that teaching has come to be a complex task and should involve only professional teachers into the system in order to transmit the knowledge of the computer to the learners properly.
The learners that are mentioned here are the students of junior secondary schools in Edo State that studies computer science. Wikipedia (2010) describes learning as a change in behaviour based on previous experience. This learning therefore involves processing of various types of information. It is believed that teaching of science in general and computer science in particular is beset with a number of problems (Adamu, 2000). The slow pace of learning and application of computer had been attributed to this. This presupposes that there are problems associated with the teaching and learning of computer science education.
1.2 Statement of Problem
The first challenge in teaching and learning Computer Science in Nigeria is the problem caused by a lack of interaction between the teacher and the student/s that is a feature of face-to-face classroom teaching (Hentea, Shea, & Pennington, 2003). For technical subjects in Computer Science such as computer programming, database design and AI, this lack of interaction is exacerbated. In Computer Science subjects, the teaching requires a high level of communication between students and the teacher. In the classroom where students may be located at a great distance and studying in isolation(for example, outback Australia), interaction may be synchronous (real time) or asynchronous (anytime). Asynchronous methods use collaborative tools that enable students to communicate with their teacher and their peers at any time forms of asynchronous communication technology, and can be used for teacher-student communication and student-student exchanges. The problem of teaching and learning of computer science and be summarized.
Thus:
- Inadequate Professionally trained computer teachers
- Inadequate computers
- . Lack of support infrastructural facilities
- Inadequate instructional materials or teaching aids
- Poor instructional delivery
- Poor teachers attitude toward the subject
- General students apathy and indifference in computer science Lack of motivation and encouragement for students
- Lack of incentive and motivation for teachers.
1.3 The purpose of the Study
The overall purpose of this study is to identify factors militating against the effective teaching and learning of computer science in some junior secondary schools in Edo State. Specifically, the purpose of the study are:
- To identify the teaching method of used by the teacher during computer classes.
- To identify the types of instructional materials used in the process of teaching-learning of computer science.
- To identify the categories of teachers that are teaching computer science.
- To identify the problems facing the teachers and students during teaching learning of computer science.
- To identify the physical environmental factors in that area
1.4 Significance of the Study
The findings of the study will be important to the teachers of computer science and also the learners while learning the subject. By so doing, it will help them to improve on their teaching method.
The teacher will benefit because it will avail them the opportunity of discovering the teaching method to be used and the materials suitable for teaching-learning of computer science in junior secondary schools.
It will enable them to discover the areas that they need to help the computer teachers improve on. It will equally lead to the discovering of students problems or weaknesses in the study of computer science. To the students, they study so as to enable them to identify their own problems in the study of computer science.
1.5 Scope and Limitation of the Study
This study is meant to cover the junior secondary schools in Benin City of Edo State. It will equally discuss the method of teaching-learning of computer science.
The study will as well study the problems facing the teachers and students in teaching–learning of computer science and also the physical environment factors. In the course of the study there were some limitations that tends to constraint the stuydy;
(a)Availability of research material: The research material available to the researcher is insufficient, thereby limiting the study.
(b)Time: The time frame allocated to the study does not enhance wider coverage as the researcher has to combine other academic activities and examinations with the study.
(c)Finance: The finance available for the research work does not allow for wider coverage as resources are very limited as the researcher has other academic bills to cover.
1.6 Research Questions
The following questions were asked to guide the study
i. What are the various methods used in teaching and learning of computer science in junior secondary schools in Benin City of Edo State?
ii. What are the various types of instructional materials used in teaching – learning of computer science in junior secondary schools in Benin City of Edo State?
iii. What are the problems facing teachers and students during teaching – learning of computer science in junior secondary schools in Benin City of Edo State?
iv. What are the physical environmental factors that exits during the teaching – learning secondary schools in Benin City of Edo State?
1.8 DEFINITION OF TERMS
Computer: A computer is a machine or an apparatus that manipulate data according to a list of instructions, whose end product (output) may be expressible in numerical or logical terms.
Teaching: Teaching could be defined as the process of transferring knowledge or the activities of educating or instructing with the aim of impacting knowledge or skill from a generation to another.
Problem: A problem could be defined in this context as a question proposed from academic discussion or scholastic disputation or a continued or imagined situation in which the task is to produce or prove some specified result by the exercise of thought.
Investigation: The action or process of investigating, careful research, or an instance of systematic inquiry or careful study of a particular subject.
USE THIS ARTICLE AS A GUIDE FOR YOUR PERSONAL RESEARCH WORK (IF PROPERLY CITED)