AVAILABILITY AND UTILIZATION OF SPORTING FACILITIES IN PUBLIC AND PRIVATE SECONDARY SCHOOLS
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CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background of the Study
There has been a significant theoretical and practical shift in emphasis, with recognition that sporting facilities are important components of Physical and Health Education. In the last 10 years, a growing body of research has revealed that secondary school athletic facilities are among the most critical factors impacting students’ academic performance. Thus, holding the key to closing gaps in student success outcomes (Ferjuson, 2010), Sunders (2012) believes that more may be done to improve Physical and Health Education in secondary schools by introducing new and enhancing current athletic facilities. Sporting facilities are recreational, fun, and entertainment facilities that are both physical and spatial enhancers of teaching and learning, resulting in increased results in the discipline (Adetoyeye, 2011). Indeed, sporting facilities provide pillars of support for effective Physical and Health Education teaching and learning. They also refer to individual buildings or groups of structures constructed for sports training, practice, and competition in various sports (Michael 2009). The beautiful Amphitheaters of ancient Rome, such as the Coliseum, exemplified the concept of merging a stadium and circus. Parketharson (2012) recommends that modern sporting students/facilities serve over 50 different sorts of sports in secondary school. Obviously, a structure of usually dividing into the principal area, where training is done and competition are held (fields, courts, halls), auxiliary areas cloakrooms, dressing rooms, shower rooms rooms for officials, equipment room), areas for the maintenance systems (water, heat, and electrical power supplies), and the spectator area (stands and seats, lobbies, refreshment counters, and rest rooms). Sport facilities at secondary schools can be outdoor or indoor (Johnson, 20). Furthermore, studies have found a strong link between the availability/use of sporting facilities and students’ success in physical and health education. The availability and exploitation of athletic facilities is very important in sport participation and can act as motivation for excellence in sporting events and academic success in both internal and external examinations. Michael (2009).
1.2 Statement of the Problem
The phenomenon of poor external result in physical and Health Education among Nigerian students, their inability to understand most of the concepts of the subject, poor perception of discipline among the stakeholders, unavailability and poor usage of sporting facilities as well as performance of our athlete at Olympic and common health, games activities has become a source of working to successive government and major stakeholders in the education and sporting sector in the country (Adeninyi, 2008). Over the years, majority of students that sat for the May/June West African Examination Council (WAEC) and National Examination Council (NECO) Examination have been recording mass failure, not only in the area of overall performance, but also in the key subjects like Mathematics, English and Physics (Okpala) However, in 2010 the percentage of students who passed their West African Examination Council (WAEC) with credit in Physical and Health Education and Mathematics was below 50% (Okpala 2010). The same poor performance ratios (50%) were equally recorded by students in the subsequent years of 2011, 2012 and 2013. Also the catch them young programme opf sport ministries have not been existing again as evident in zero (0) medals for Nigerian in most global competition. However, there has been poor infrastructure and poor utilization of sporting facilities. Thus, their ugly trend may have instigated the current worry among state holders to factors responsible for poor performance of students and sport athletics. Therefore, the study seeks to answer the questions: what spot facilities are available at secondary schools and how has it been used for performance improvement.
1.3 Purpose of the Study
Generally, this study was to assess the extent of availability and utilization of sporting facilities in public and private secondary schools in Etim Ekpo Local Government Area.
The study aims at achieving the following specific objective.
(i) To determine the level of availability and utilization of sporting facilities in public and private secondary school in Etim Ekpo Local Government Area.
(ii) To find out the extent of utilization of available sporting facilities in public and private secondary school in Etim Ekpo Local Government Area.
1.4 Research Questions
- What is the level of availability and utilization of sporting facilities in public and private secondary school in Etim Ekpo Local Government Area?
- What is the extent of utilization of sporting facilities in public and private in Etim Ekpo Local Government Area?
1.5 Significance of the Study
The study will be significant in the following ways
Firstly, it will enable the government, NGOS, and major stakeholders to understanding the decay in sporting facilities in secondary schools.
Secondly, it will serve as base-data for future researchers in the field of Physical and Health Education and related discipline.
Also, enable teachers and students to understand the place of effective utilization of sporting facilities in boosting academic performance
Furthermore, the ministry of sports will find the information accuracy very retarding and it should be put in play to bring back the glory to Nigeria in global sporting competitions.
Lastly, it will also enable educational administrators to strategize in their quest for qualitative Physical and Health Education and to organize seminars/workshops to show the relationship between sport facilities and performance.
1.6 Delimitation of the Study
In brief, the study is delimited to senior secondary two students in public and private secondary schools in Etim Ekpo Local Government Area. The study is also delimited to the questionnaire, students continuous assessment result, Pearson product moment correlation and test analysis.