CHEMICAL HAZARDS AND SAFETY BARRIERS (A CASE STUDY OF NORWEGIAN OIL AND GAS INDUSTRY
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| Format: Ms Word | 1-5 Chapters | Table of Content|
INSTANT PROJECT MATERIAL DOWNLOAD
Study Level: BTech, BSc, BEng, BA, HND, ND or NCE
Amount: ₦3,000.00
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TABLE CONTENTS
Acknowledgment – – – – – – – i
Table of content – – – – – – – ii
Abstract – – – – – – – – iv
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
- Background of the Study- – – – – 1-3
- Purpose of the study – – – – – 3
- Objectives of the study – – – – – 3
CHAPTER TWO
LITERATURE REVIEW
2.1 The Regulatory context – – – – – 4
CHAPTER THREE
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
3.1 Methodology – – – – – – 7
CHAPTER FOUR
ANALYSIS, DISCUSSION AND RESULTS
4.1 Analytical Perspective – – – – – 10
4.2 Findings – – – – – – – – – 11
4.3 Analysis and Result – – – – – – 16-23
CHAPTER FIVE
5.1 Conclusion – – – – – – – 24
References – – – – – – – 27
ABSTRACT
During the sixty year period of oil exploration and exploitation in the North Sea. There has been radical improvement in the prevention of chemical exposure in the working environment. In the early stages of 1960, there was a lack of knowledge regarding the risk of using chemicals and the related health effects on the workers. However, the organizational, technical and legal steps during the intervening years led to improvement. By using the concept of barriers together with an extended “man-technology-organization” perspective, the study assesses the measures that haven been put in place inorder to protect workers against chemical hazards and the barriers functions that have proven to be effective in protecting the workforce. The study shows that an effective barrier functions is developed by integrating different and interrelated MTO-elements as a continuous process, in interplay with regulatory frameworks enforcement in the chain of operators, contractors and vendors and the developing of scientific knowledge as well as enforcement from external stakeholders in the civil sector.
INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
Chemical hazards can be associated with the most severe industrial accidents. In the European context, the Seveso disaster in Italy (1976) led to new regulation as the Seveso Directive claiming betters safety assessments and procedures for planning and implementing hazardous industrial activities. In the Bhopal disaster in India (1984) more than 3,000 people were reportedly killed after the release of highly toxic vapours at a Union carbide pesticide factory. The accident led to a global concern about chemical hazards that prompted. The establishments of new regulations and assessing institutions such as chemical safety and Hazard Investigation Board (CSB) in the United States. In Europe the REACH regulation was introduced in order to place greater responsibility on industry for managing the risks from the chemicals used in production and to provide safety information about the substances for the people involved. Manufacturers and importers are required to gather information on the properties of their chemical substances which will allow tier safe handling, and to register the information in a central database run by the European Chemicals Agency (ECHA) in Helsinki.
The purpose of this study is to explore chemical hazards in the offshore industry by following the handling of chemical exposure in Norwegian Continental Shelf (NCS) compared to major hazards such as bow-outs with spills on the sea (Bravo, 1977), capsizes of platforms (Alexander Kielland, 1980), or explosions and fires (Piper Alpha, 1988), this hazardous working environment has received much less attention. The cancer Register of Norway has recorded that offshore workers in general have a higher risk of getting leukemia, probably due to exposure to benzene. Therefore, in 1998 they established a Cohort of 28000 former and current offshore workers for the purpose of assessment (Moen, 2007). A summary of findings regarding skin illness concludes that some offshore working groups exposed to oil and oil products showed a higher frequency of skin illness.
In the wake of recent publicity, additional research projects have been initiated by the National Institute of Occupational Health (STAMI). The Norwegian oil Industry Association (DLF), and individual companies. These studies focus on the effects of inhaling oil vapour, the use of insocyanides, exposure to nanoparticles in welding smoke, and activities cained as “hot work” (Sjonteil, 2005).
1.2 PURPOSE OF THE STUDY
The purpose of the study is to explore two areas;
- What measures have been put in place inorder to protect workers against chemical hazard and
- What are the barriers functions that have proven to be effective in protecting the workers.
- OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY
The objectives of the study including the following:
- The establish possible effects of chemical hazards in offshore environment
- To enhance a more safe environment for workers.
- The establish the causes of chemical hazards in offshore
- To draw public attention on the danger of working in unsafe and insecure environment.
- To adopt the best practice in handling chemical hazards.
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