EFFECT OF LOCUST BEAN WASTE ASH ON CEMENT-MODIFIED BLACK COTTON SOIL
| Format: Ms Word | 1-5 Chapters | Table of Content|
INSTANT PROJECT MATERIAL DOWNLOAD
Study Level: BTech, BSc, BEng, BA, HND, ND or NCE
Amount: ₦3,000.00
Account Details
ABSTRACT
Black cotton soil, categorized as an A-7-6 (24) soil by AASHTO, was obtained from the new Marte region of Borno state and altered with up to 4% cement and up to 8% LBWA by weight of the soil. The effect of locust bean waste ash (LBWA) on cement modified soil was investigated using three compactive efforts: British Standard light (BSl), West African Standard (WAS), and British Standard heavy (BSh).The results of the test were then statistically analyzed to evaluate the significant difference (i.e., p 0.05) in the various soil – cement mixes using a two – way analysis of variance (ANOVA) with the Microsoft Excel Analysis Tool Pack Software. Analyses of the results of the soil-cement mixtures studied show an increase in particle sizes, an increase in the liquid limit, and a decrease in the plastic limit with a corresponding increase in the plasticity index, an increase in maximum dry density (MDD) with an increase in optimum moisture content (OMC), and a decrease in cohesion with an increase in angle of internal friction, all with a higher locust bean waste ash content.
The result also showed that the modified soil met the requirement of the Nigerian General Specification of not more tha
n 35% passing No. 200 sieve when used as a sub grade material in road construction. An optimal blend of 4% cement / 8% LBWA is recommended for the modification of black cotton soil.
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Preamble
Geotechnical engineers are often faced with the problem of constructing road
beds on soil which do not have adequate strength to support the wheel loads imposed upon them either in construction or during the service life of the pavement. It is sometimes necessary to treat these soils, termed expansive soils to give a stable sub-grade or working platforms for the construction of the pavement. Treatment of soil are generally classified into two processes: soil modification or soil stabilization. The purpose of sub-grade modification is to provide a working platform for construction equipment, while sub-grade stabilization is meant to increase the strength and durability of the soil.
1.1.1 Black cotton soil
Expansive soil can be found almost any where in the world but they are basically confined to semi arid regions of the tropical /temperate zones. These areas are usually characterized by marked dry and wet seasons with low rainfall, poor drainage and exceedingly great heat. The precipitation is such that the annual evaporation exceeds the precipitation (Chen, 1988).
Two groups of parent rock materials have been associated with the formation of expansive soils. The first group comprises sedimentary rock of volcanic origin, which can be found in North America, South Africa and Israel (Ola, 1978). The second group of parent materials are basic igneous rocks found in India, Nigeria and South Western U.S.A (Plait, 1953). Tropical black clays are formed by weathering (Morin, 1971).
USE THIS MATERIALS AS A GUIDE FOR YOUR PERSONAL RESEARCH WORK (IF PROPERLY CITED)
PAY ₦3,000 HERE TO DOWNLOAD MATERIALS
Account Number: 0709546102
Access Bank: Savings
Account Name: Emmanuel Idorenyin Samuel.