ENHANCING INTERNALLY GENERATED REVENUE THROUGH TOURISM DEVELOPMENT
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ABSTRACT
This study was carried out to examine whether tourism development enhances internally generated revenue in Akwa Ibom State with a particular reference to Ibeno Beach in Ibeno Local Government Area. To achieve this objective, three research questions and were formulated to guide the study. The data were collected from primary sources. The primary data were collected with the help of a well-structured questionnaire of two sections administered to the respondents in Ibeno local government area. The collected data were analyzed with tables and simple percentages to analyze the research questions while Chi-square statistical tool was used to test research hypotheses using SPSS statistical software. The study reveals that there is a significant relationship between tourism and economic development in Akwa Ibom State and there is a significant relationship between the level of revenue derived from tourism and socio-economic development. The study concluded with some recommendations that government should embrace public-private partnership in order to develop tourism sector in Nigeria.
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background to the Study
The tourism industry is the world‟s largest industry and is being utilized for economic development and rapid growth in many developing countries. Countries all over the world nowadays perceive tourism as a sustainable means for economic prosperity in macro and micro levels (Burinskiene and Rudzkiene, 2005).
Tourism has become the biggest economic activity of this day and age, with 476 billion dollars in the year 2000; tourism is doubtless the primary source of international trade receipts (Kweka, 2001). World tourist organization ( WTO) still expects over one billion international tourist arrivals in 2010 and over 1.5 billion tourists and US$ 2 trillion receipts in 2020 (Kweka 2001)
WTO‟s vision 2020 presents an optimistic picture for the tourism sector in Africa with growth of 5.5 per cent a year forecast of the period 1995 – 2020, as against the global rate of 4.1 percent of the 77 Million international tourist arrivals anticipated in the continent in 2020, an estimated 17 Million will be in the countries of East Africa producing an average growth of 5.3 percent.
In Akwa Ibom the tourism industry is growing at an annual rate of almost 11% (Akwa Ibom Economic survey 2013). In 2011 tourist arrivals reached 175,067 being 31.0 percent higher compared with figures in 2010, while in 2013, tourist arrivals was 181,301. In addition, according to figures compiled by the Commission for Tourism, there are currently 173 tourist accommodation establishments in Akwa Ibom, with a total of 3,089 rooms and 6,139 beds. The majority are located in Unguja, with 14 establishments (with a total of 110 rooms and 214 beds) in Pemba. Outside the hotels, there are approximately twenty restaurants of international standard, with several new highquality establishments opened in Stone Town in the past few years. All these reflect increase in touristic activities in Akwa Ibom. Despite this growth little is known to whether the increase in tourism in Akwa Ibom has increased revenue to the government. This tremendous growth in tourism prompted the researcher to carry out this study to find out the contribution of tourism in revenue collection in Akwa Ibom.
1.2 Statement of the Problem
Evidence of rapid Increase of tourism in Akwa Ibom is seen as confirmed by hotel beds occupancy, visitor‟s arrivals which are on the increase (Akwa Ibom tourism Commission Report 2013). In 2011 tourist arrivals reached 175,067 being 31.0 percent higher compared with figures in 2010, while in 2013, tourist arrivals was 181,301.
Despite this growth little is known to whether the increase in tourism in Akwa Ibom has increased revenue to the government to enable it provide service to its citizens. Every year government budget displays deficits. This brings the un answered question, “Does the boom in tourism in Akwa Ibom increase revenue collected by the government in Akwa Ibom? Recent data shows increased growth of 11% in tourism industry (Akwa Ibom tourism Commission Report 2013). With this evidenced significant increase in growth of tourism, there has not been major economic growth, public infrastructure remained poor, government services to citizens are inadequate and poor; poverty on the populace seems to be a disturbing issue and conflicts millennium development goals of reducing poverty. Thus this prompted the researcher to study how internally generated revenue are enhanced through tourism in Akwaibom with particular reference to Ibeno beach.
1.3 Research objectives
The general objective of this research was to assess the impact of tourism growth to revenue collection in Akwa Ibom.
1.4 Specific Objectives
1.To determine the effectiveness of tourism revenue collection in Akwa Ibom
2.To determine the relationship between tourism growth and revenue collection in Akwa Ibom.
3. To identify the challenges facing tourism revenue collection in Akwa Ibom
1.5 Research questions,
i. What is the contribution of tourism to revenue collection in Akwa Ibom? ii. How is the effectiveness of tourism revenue collection in Akwa Ibom?
- Is there relationship between tourism growth and revenue collection in Akwa Ibom?
1.6 Significance of the Study
The study will have both, empirical significance as well as managerial implications. On the side of empirical significance, this study will help to fill the knowledge gap concerning the contribution of tourism in revenue collection in Akwa Ibom; the findings will contribute greatly to the body of knowledge as it will be used as a base for further studiesOn managerial implications, the findings of the study will give solutions to managerial questions posed by Akwa Ibom Revenue Board and other stakeholders on the impacts of tourism on revenue collection, thus improving the Akwa Ibom performance economically, administratively and socially. The findings will also facilitate further reforms geared towards better performance and assist policy makers to come up with appropriate bylaws to curb tourism actors who refuse to pay revenue.
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