INCIDENCE OF MALNUTRITION AMONG PUPILS IN LOWER UBE CLASSES IN SELECTED PRIMARY SCHOOLS IN IBESIKPO ASUTAN LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA
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CHAPTER ONE
1.0 Introduction
1.1 Background of the Study
For all living organisms, food, water and air are indispensable. The food we eat provides us energy, builds the body and promotes health.
Energy-giving food contain mostly carbohydrates and fats. They include yam, potatoes, bread, cassava and sugar cane. Body building food consists mainly of protein which is gotten from meat, fish, eggs, mils, cheese and vegetable.
Health-preserving foods are mainly those that contain vitamins from milk, cheese, eggs, fish, meat, butter, fruits and vegetables. Minerals can also be found in green vegetable, fruits and eggs. Vitamins vary from vitamin A, B, B2 (B complex) C, D, E, and vitamin K.
The mineral salt needed by the body include potassium, chloride, sodium, magnesium, calcium, iron, phosphorous. All these substance are found in different kinds of food.
Food according to Brown (2000) is defined as a substance taken into and absorbed by an organism to sustain life and enabling growth and repair of tissue. It helps the maintenance of the body and respiration.
In Nigeria, number of people are unable to solve problems that borders on their health. Most of them are killed due to malnutrition. Most ill health are due to balanced diet. Illite and Sttlu (2002) suggested that education in Nigeria will definitely resolve the problem of malnutrition as many Nigerian would study to become medical doctors, nurses, biology lecturers and technologists. These professionals would be able to tackle the problems of health in the country.
Isong (2004) opined that malnutrition has great effects on human health. Cause diseases like diabetics, hypertension, poliomyelitis, cough, headache, infection, hepatitis and other parasitic infections like anorexia nonosa, obesity kwashiorkor and marasmus.
Taylor (2003) considered “balanced diet as the cheapest means of reducing diseases, and sickness in the society. World Health Organization Handbook (2002) defined good health as the condition of controlling all factors in man physical environment which may exercise harmful effects on man’s physical development and survival not merely the absence of infirmity. Stone (2003) opined that good nutrition has been described as the good health.
Malnutrition is literally under-nutrition or eating too little or too much (over nutrition). Under-nutrition does not kill directly but indirectly by lowering the resistance of the body to diseases.
READ ALSO: DETERMINANTS OF ACUTE MALNUTRITION AMONG UNDER-FIVE YEARS CHILDREN
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