INFLUENCE OF TEACHERS’ FACTOR ON ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE OF BUSINESS STUDIES STUDENTS IN EDO STATE
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Abstract
This study was on influence of teacher factor on academic performance of business studies students in Edo State. The total population for the study is 200 staff of selected secondary schools in Egor local government area of Edo state. Four research questions were raised to guide the study. The researcher used questionnaires as the instrument for the data collection. Descriptive Survey research design was adopted for this study. A total of 133 respondents made principals, management staff and teachers were used for the study. The data collected were presented in tables and analyzed using simple percentages and frequencies. The study revealed that there was a significant relationship between teachers’ qualification and students’ academic performance in Business Studies in Edo State. Also, there was a significant relationship between teachers’ teaching experience and students’ academic performance in business studies in Edo State. It was concluded that teachers’ qualifications and teaching experience had significant influence on students’ academic performance while the influence of teaching strategies was not significant. It therefore implies that efforts should be made to encourage the utilization of qualified and experienced teachers in the teaching of Business Studies in schools in Edo State.
TABLE OF CONTENT
Title page
Approval page
Dedication
Acknowledgment
Abstract
Table of content
CHAPETR ONE
1.0 INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background of the study
1.2 Statement of problem
1.3 Objective of the study
1.4 Research Questions
1.5 Significance of the study
1.6 Scope and limitation of the study
1.7 Definition of terms
1.8 Organization of the study
CHAPETR TWO
LITERATURE REVIEW
2.0 Introduction
2.1 Conceptual Framework
2.2 Theoretical Framework
2.3 Empirical Literature Reviews
CHAPETR THREE
3.0 Research methodology
3.1 sources of data collection
3.3 Population of the study
3.4 Sampling and sampling distribution
3.5 Validation of research instrument
3.6 Method of data analysis
CHAPTER FOUR
DATA PRESENTATION AND ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION
4.1 Introductions
4.2 Data analysis
CHAPTER FIVE
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Summary
5.3 Conclusion
5.4 Recommendation
Appendix
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background to the Study
There is essential interpersonal relationship between teachers and students. Since teachers prefer a disciplined and conventional environment for learning, whereas others want to create a pleasant classroom atmosphere where students feel safe to take risks and be creative Success in any worthwhile endeavor may be contingent upon certain critical variables or factors. This can also be said of student’s performance in school (Adamu, 2016). Evidence abound that the implementation of the secondary school Business Studies programme in the country over the years has left much to be desired. Students’ performances over the years appear not to be impressive probably due to so many factors influencing academic performances in business studies. Njoku (1992) once observed the massive failure rate in examination and the author attributed this failure rate to several factors.
Business Studies is one of the pre-vocational elective subjects taught in Upper Basic (7-9) in secondary schools and it forms the basis for other business related courses taught in Senior Secondary Schools and Post-Secondary Schools and experts have emphasized its usefulness (Ediagbonya & Adebayo, 2017). Business Studies which comprises of Typing, Shorthand, Office Practice, Commerce and Book-Keeping is one of the subjects taught at the Junior Secondary School level in Nigeria. The main objective of business studies is to enable students appreciate the five components that make up the subject and how they relate to one other (Ediagbonya & Adebayo, 2017). Adamu (2009), observed that, Business Studies helps youths to learn career opportunities like Accounting, Secretarial Studies, Private and Public Office management available to them in the world of business and office occupations which are required for successes in the occupations and training of the labour force to facilitate economic development. Due to the importance of Business Studies, stakeholders often want to put in efforts towards enhancing the performance of students in the subject.
Students’ academic performance as defined by (Afolabi, 2001) is the process whereby student’s educational activities are measured by examination within the context of a curricular. The students’ academic performance is determined by many factors. Some of such factors include the teachers instructional and text materials for teaching, socio-economic background of another factor that is greatly considered to be a powerful predictor of students’ academic performance in schools. Poor academic performance has been observed in school subjects especially in Business Studies, mathematics, and English language among secondary school students (Adesemowo, 2005). Aremu (2000) stresses that academic failure is not only frustrating to the students and the parents, its effects are equally grave on the society in terms of dearth of manpower in all spheres of the economy and politics. Education at secondary school level is supposed to be the bedrock and the foundation towards higher knowledge in tertiary institutions. It is an investment as well as an instrument that can be used to achieve a more rapid economic, social, political, technological, scientific and cultural development in the country.
The National Policy on Education (2004) stipulated that secondary education is an instrument for national development that fosters the worth and development of the individual for further education and development, general development of the society and equality of educational opportunities to all Nigerian children, irrespective of any real or marginal disabilities. The role of secondary education is to lay the foundation for further education and if a good foundation is laid at this level, there are likely to be no problem at subsequent levels.
However, different people at different times have passed the blame of poor performance in secondary school to students because of their low retention, parental factors, association with wrong peers, low achievement, low retention, low achievement motivation and the likes (Aremu & Sokan, 2003; Aremu & Oluwole 2001; Aremu, 2000). Morakinyo (2003) believe that the falling level of academic achievement is attributable to teacher’s non-use of verbal reinforcement strategy. Others found out that the attitude of some teachers to their job is reflected in their poor attendance to lessons, lateness to school, unsavory comments about student’s performance that could damage their ego, poor method of teaching and the likes affect pupils’ academic performance.
The fact remains that there can be no excellent academic performance without effective teaching and learning. It has been established among Psychologists that a number of factors determine the ability of the students. Some of these factors include; the learning environment, the competence of the teacher, motivation, the interest of the students to mention but a few. Numerous studies have analyzed the factors behind the performance of students. Identifying the variables that influence the academic performance of students at school is of great importance for two reasons. On one hand, it is an essential tool for the public authorities in charge of definition of optimal and efficient education policies. On the other hand, this kind of analysis can help the educational institutions to improve the quality of their programmes (Awa, 2003) cited in Issah (2009).
1.2 Statement of the Problem
The differential scholastic achievement of students in Nigeria has been and is still a source of concern and research interest to educators, government and parents. This is so because of the great importance that education has on the national development of the country. All over the country, there is a consensus of opinion about the fallen standard of education in Nigeria (Adebule, 2004). Parents and government are in total agreement that their huge investment on education is not yielding the desired dividend. Teachers also complain of students’ low performance at both internal and external examination. The academic performance of secondary school students in the West African Examination Council (WAEC) and National Examination Council (NECO) has taken a dramatic decline in recent times. This poor performance cuts across all subjects including Business Studies. Observation has also shown that many students that had written Business studies Junior Certificate Examination now Basic Education Certificate Examination (BECE) appeared not to perform too impressively. This sends dangerous signal to the future of the subjects. Business Studies is not a core subject in Basic Education Certificate Examination (BECE) because failure in it will not result in writing the examination again unlike Mathematics and English Language. The alarming failure rate that is widely speculated has engaged the minds of so many stakeholders as to what could possibly be responsible for the poor performances in business studies examination. Literatures have it that there are several factors that could account for students’ academic performances and some of the notable factors reported include: teachers’ qualification, teaching experience, location of schools, school type, instructional materials and teaching strategies. The factors that actually account for the academic performance of students in business studies seem not to be well articulated or reported in many literatures despite the importance of Business Studies in the socio-economic development of the nation. The researcher is indeed worried as to what factors actually account for the academic performance of Business Studies’ students in the state. Could these factors be teachers’ qualifications? Could it be teaching experience or teaching strategies? The study therefore sought to find out the causes of poor student performance in business studies in junior secondary schools in Edo State.
1.3 Purpose of the Study
The primary aim of this study is to find out the influence of teachers’ factor on academic performance of business studies students in some selected junior secondary schools in Edo State. To be able to achieve this objective the following specific objectives shall be considered:
- To determine whether the teacher commitment to teaching and work habit can causes poor performance of student in business studies.
- To find out the opinion of school counselors and their view of factors responsible for poor performance of students in business studies.
- To determine whether teacher qualification, availability and use of teaching materials and parental involvement can causes poor performance of students in business studies.
- To also determine whether motivation and job satisfaction of teachers can cause poor performance of students in business studies and to offer suggestion on how the problem can be solved.
1.4 Researcher Question
This study thus attempts to find answers to the under mentioned research questions and find out where the problem lies:
- Is there any relationship between teacher commitment to teaching and work habit and the performance of student in business studies?
- Is there any relationship between teacher qualification and teaching environment and the performance of students in business studies?
- Is there any relationship between availability and uses of teaching and learning materials and the performance of students in business studies?
- What are the major causes of student’s poor performance in business studies in junior secondary schools in Edo State?
1.5 Significance of the Study
Although, the new national policy on education in Nigeria emphasized on business education and other skill subject, business studies at secondary school is not effectively implemented. It is hoped that the finding of this study will make education authorities to give attention to business education programme. Also the findings and recommendation will provide useful information for the causes of low performance in business studies by business education teachers and principals of secondary schools improving plan for implementing business education programme. In addition, it will serve as a useful guide to guidance, counselors, parents, teachers and principals in advising the students on choice of future career in the field of business.
1.6 Scope of the Study
This study is limited in scope to the influence of teachers’ factors on student’s performance in Business studies in Edo State. The finding of this study will focus on the factors affecting poor performance in business studies in junior secondary school in Edo State. Two selected secondary schools and 25 student each from the selected secondary schools will be used for the study.
1.7 Operational Definition of Terms
Teacher Commitment: Teacher commitment is the who may be seen as the pivot of the transmission of knowledge can be effective if he or she learns and applies all of the teaching principles and method that make a teacher as professional and competent enough to knowledge in any given field of discipline.
Availability of Teaching Aids: Teaching aids are objects which helps teachers to make lesson clearer and fully expressed to students. They also transmit information, ideas and roles to student in such a way that will modify their attitudes habit good example of teaching aids.
Parental Involvement in school: Ability to give quality education to students to produce encouraging academic performance largely depends on parents, teachers, other educational stakeholders.
Teacher Qualification: These are teachers who have acquired advance education and special training in teaching. This includes holders of bachelor degree higher national diploma.
Motivation: Teachers should be able to know individual difference, interest and abilities in orders to known how to motivate the learners.
1.8 Organization of the Study
This research work is organized in five chapters, for easy understanding, as follows
Chapter one is concern with the introduction, which consist of the (overview, of the study), historical background, statement of problem, objectives of the study, research hypotheses, significance of the study, scope and limitation of the study, definition of terms and historical background of the study. Chapter two highlights the theoretical framework on which the study is based, thus the review of related literature. Chapter three deals on the research design and methodology adopted in the study. Chapter four concentrate on the data collection and analysis and presentation of finding. Chapter five gives summary, conclusion, and recommendations made of the study.
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