Over-Population And Its Effects On Pupils In Primary Schools In Anambra State
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CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background of the study
Education is extremely important in shaping the life of any citizen in the community in which he or she lives. The school or learning environment must be conducive to effective learning. In other words, a conducive environment aids students’ academic lives and facilitates learning. With an increasing population, the number of school-age children is growing much faster than the number of schools. The demise of good schools, combined with the greed of school administrators, has resulted in overcrowded classrooms. While many parents complain about their children attending schools with insufficient space to keep chairs and tables, teachers and teachers have also experienced increased work loads, inability to manage and control their classrooms, and other issues.
Because of overcrowding in class rooms, learning outcomes are hampered. Overpopulation is defined as an excess of students in a given space whose capacity is insufficient to accommodate them or provide the necessary conditions for their proper development. Student overpopulation has a significant impact on the correct development of the learner, as stated in this definition, because a school is a space in which the student can develop their skills and abilities, but certain conditions are required for this, and when the facilities are overcrowded, the learner suffers. These conditions are lost in order to adequately care for children or young people, which has a significant impact on students.
Despite the fact that the federal and state governments have demonstrated a serious commitment, with the implementation of the current 6-3-3-4 system of education, through their annual budgetary allocation to education in recent years, the attention given to physical facilities is far from adequate, which is seriously affected by a lack of adequate funding and poor preparation. Overcrowding in the classroom is a problem for both teachers and students. Teachers sometimes struggle to keep a dozen students under control due to disruptive behavior and excessive talking. When these same teachers are given the homogeneous task of controlling more than 30 students at once, they become a complete mess. It makes even the most basic task of taking attendance impossible. Especially teenagers who do not respond well to rules and directions. Some, on the other hand,
Students are unable to concentrate due to the presence of other students. In an overcrowded class, the number of failures rises because no students can focus on the subject at hand. This causes a slew of issues in classrooms, including students who are disinterested in learning. Government action is required to address this issue and create an educational environment that encourages students to perform better.
1.2 Problem description
In recent years, due to the importance placed on education, public primary schools with an affordable average population have been overcrowded. This has continued despite no increase in facilities, teachers, or infrastructure. Overcrowding in the classroom is the primary cause of difficulties in learning for students. The most serious problem is that teachers are underpaid.
Students’ lack of concentration, confusion about content, poor academic performance, lack of attention, and lack of discipline in the classroom impede the teacher’s self-confidence and increase her workload while developing and instructing their classes.
When confronted with this reality, the teacher is faced with the challenge of serving a large group of students of varying abilities and skills, as well as the responsibility of imparting the content in a repetitive manner (I mean explaining the same lesson several times, because the vast majority do not understand what is being taught).
Add to that the infrastructure conditions, as space is limited, furniture is scarce, and teaching materials are incomprehensible to the students. As a result, their learning is already suffering as a result. As a result,
This study seeks to investigate overcrowding and its effects on students in Anambra State primary schools against this backdrop.
1.3 The study’s purpose
The primary goal of this research is to look into overcrowding and its effects on students in Anambra State’s primary schools. The study specifically seeks
1. Investigate the causes of primary school overcrowding.
1. To look into how overcrowding affects the teaching-learning process.
1. To assess the impact of pupil overcrowding.
1. It investigates the government’s role in reducing overpopulation as a panacea for resolving the problem.
1.4 Hypotheses for research
HO1: Overpopulation has no discernible impact on the teaching-learning process in the classroom.
HO2: Overcrowding has no discernible impact on students.
1.5 Importance of the study
The study will be significant because it will reveal how overcrowding affects both teachers and students. It also reveals other factors influencing students’ performance as a result of overpopulation. Furthermore, the findings of this study will assist school administrators and teachers in developing strategies to mitigate the impact of overcrowding on student academic performance. The study’s findings will also assist stakeholders, curriculum planners, and teachers in carefully observing the teaching-learning process in order to draft more strategic ways of assisting students. Finally, the research will contribute to the body of academic knowledge by providing relevant knowledge and serving as a research tool for students, researchers, and those interested in conducting additional research.
Investigate this related field.
1.6 The scope of the research
The scope of this study includes overpopulation and its impact on primary school students. The study, however, is limited to a few Anambra State primary schools.
1.7 The study’s limitations
During the course of this research, the following factors may pose a limitation.
Financial constraint- Inadequate funding tends to impede the researcher’s efficiency in locating relevant materials, literature, or information, as well as in the data collection process (internet, questionnaire and interview).
Time constraint- The researcher will conduct this study alongside other academic work. As a result, the amount of time spent on research will be reduced.
1.8 Definitions of terms
Overpopulation is defined as
Overpopulation refers to an increase in the number of people living in one geographical area, and a place is said to be overpopulated when the available resources cannot accommodate the number of individual residents in that area.
Pupil overpopulation refers to an excess of students in a given space whose capacity is insufficient to receive them or provide the necessary conditions for their proper development.
Teaching performance is defined as the action of adhering to what one is obligated to and by the teacher, the person in charge of transmitting knowledge, the person who teaches. The way the teacher fulfills the task of training the students is referred to as teaching performance. When speaking The planning, the material, the organization in the classroom, the space, the resources, the teaching methods used, the activities carried out, the relationships established between students and their person, and others are all included in the form.
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