Rodents infestation, its effects on human health and the control measures
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CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
Background to the Study
Rodents are defined as living mammals with unique gnawing teeth and jaws that are capable of destroying property, food, farm products, cables, furniture, documents, and even spreading disease to humans. Rodents can range in size from large to little, but they all have incisor teeth in their jaws that are constantly gnawing. These species are classified as mammals, including mice, porcupines, beavers, squirrel rats, and others. As a result of global trade, rodents are now present everywhere. Some of the conditions that encourage rat infestation in our surroundings include improper waste disposal, leaving food lying around the premises, as well as living in unclean structures and dense vegetation. In order to reproduce sexually, rodents give birth to live offspring at a high frequency and rate. They are capable of fighting with humans for food and contaminating vast quantities of food from the moment it is grown until it is stored. In the populous region, rodents are also prevalent for feeding purposes. For survival, rats and mice mostly consume grains, fruits, fungus, insects, and small mammals. Ratus ratus, also known as the roof rat, and Ratus norvegicuis, popularly known as the Norway rat, are two types of rodents. In contrast to the brown rat, which is huge and heavy, the black rat is thin and slender. The brown rat has a short tail, but the black rats’ tails are longer than their bodies. The brown rat has a blunt nose, but the black species has a pointed snout. The brown rat’s ear is little compared to the black rat’s huge size. The brown rat’s eyes are little, whereas the black rat’s eyes are large and noticeable. Both have pointed mouths.
Rodents are nocturnal animals and are prolific in nature. As long as rodents continue to multiply, the preventive and control measures has to be put into consideration by the use of The chemical, physical and biological method to eradicate pests base on the type of damages, belief and custom of the community as the climatic condition of that area deserved.
A lot of damages of farm products and food stuff has been done by the rodent at Onyedega which need to be controlled with immediate effect.
Also, there was outbreak of disease known as LASSA FEVER in the study area in 1991, in which a lot of people were affected. There were been hospitalized in the hospital cottage only two persons died of the disease.
They create holes by burrowing at the side and corners of the building. Therefore, health education is to be given on the appropriate measurement and control method on rodent infestation and our environment for safety and comfort in this present generation.
1.1. STATEMENT OF PROBLEM
In the course of this study, the researcher discovered the public health of rodents infestation in the area. The economic importance in the community (Onyedega) members is that, it is capable of causing damage to crops, transmission of disease and economic loss.
If control measures is not taken to eradicate the effect of rodents’ infestation in the community, the life of that habitat is in danger.
To solve the above problem in the study area, adequate measures have to be put in place, such as proper sanitation, trapping, rat proofing and deratting.
The measures cannot be put into practice by the member due to lack of awareness, poor orientation and poverty.
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