SOCIAL AND POLITICAL PROBLEMS ASSOCIATED WITH EDUCATIONAL PLANNING IN THE NIGERIAN UNIVERSITY SYSTEM
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ABSTRACT
This assessment is an attempt to examine the perceived impact of social and political problems faced by educational planners in Nigeria using the university system as a case study. The study focused on investigating conceptual problems from relevant literature. This enabled the researcher understand the causal factors of the topic under review. This assessment investigates the significance and setting of educational planning and the planning process. It concludes that notwithstanding the expanding multifaceted nature of schools made by rising enlistments and problems of research, projects of concentrate must be customized to the perpetually mind boggling requirements of the general public. Schools are set up for the improvement of society and hence, financial organizers and educational organizers need to participate in planning to assist both the school and society.
INTRODUCTION
Today, education is seen as a means of instituting a common political creed in all citizens and that is why the educational manifest of each political party affects the educational system of their time. For Nigerian politicians, these facts are well known and they make education the center of their political campaigns for political position and this is a problem to educational industries. Most of the political parties which came into power have failed the nation as they did not live up to their promises of improving the quality and standard of education in the country. Some after obtaining the people’s mandate messed up education and created problems to educational industries.
The Problem of Financing University education system: The greatest problem facing education in Nigeria is inadequate funding of the institution. With the proliferation of universities in the whole of Nigeria, the government of each of the states has come face to face with the difficulties of meeting even the barest needs of this university. There is lack of funds to pay the lecturers’ salaries, supply equipment, library facilities which aid learning. In Imo State for example, lecturers are not paid because the government finds it difficult to raise enough funds to pay the lecturers. This is peculiar to the state in the south-east. If the secondary sections are to educate our youths effectively the secondary section must be adequately funded to provide all that are contributory to effective learning.
Shortage of Teaching Staff: The shortage of qualified, certificated lecturers is a big problem facing our universities. With the proliferation of universities, it is becoming increasingly difficult to staff the college with qualified teaching staff that can impart knowledge to the students.
Problem of Adaptation: The present goals of Nigerian universities are similar to the goals of university education system in colonial times. In fact, except for a few minor modifications, the structure, content and teaching methods of universities in Nigeria follow closely those of Britain, our cultural, political and economic differences notwithstanding. The product of our universities education is not suitable for any specific job. All that the university education system has done is to train the head with the hands and the legs.
Examination Malpractice: Students are constantly reminded by society, parents and peers that the only way one could make life in the society is by a good academic performance. Because of this misplaced position of education, candidates at times with the financial support of their parents engage in examination malpractice.
Physical Facilities and Equipments: University education system needs physical facilities and equipment to make learning easy for the lecturers and the students. Physical facilities are the material resources that facilitate effective teaching and learning in the university. The physical appearance and general condition of university facilities are the striking basis upon which many parents and friends of any educational institutions make their initial judgment about the quality of what goes on in the university. The programs of the university are expressed through the university site, the buildings, play grounds, the arrangement and design of the buildings. In other words, the university facilities should suit the scope of the curriculum and methods of instruction. Education facilities are needed for developing the cognitive areas of knowledge abilities and skills which are pre-requisite for academic achievements. One then looks at its positive and negative effect on teaching and learning. University facilities serve to control the environment and facilitate the teaching learning activities in a university and at the same time protects the physical well-being of the occupants. As stated by the author, university education system is hindered by lack of financial and physical facilities. The building in most of our university education system is unsafe or unsuitable for modern and functional education purpose. This implies that the objectives of university education system will not be achieved to its full capacity due to poor equipment and infrastructures like poor libraries, poor laboratory, poor teaching environment and unsafe accommodation for lecturers and students.
The problem of physical facilities and equipment can be looked at from three main angels. First, almost all the universities in the Nigeria are the offshoot of the second republic politics because politics determines the sitting of university education system. Secondly most of the universities were hastily established without proper feasibility studies of the environment. However, some universities started as primary universities with the infrastructure that is significant to the development of primary education so that when they were upgraded to universities, the infrastructures were not enough for the upgrading of the universities. This means that, what enhances proper teaching and learning is lacking and the objective of the university education system may not be fully achieved. In such situations, there are not enough classrooms, lockers, seats, no offices for lecturers, no computer laboratory, no science laboratory and no dormitory for the students that come from far places.
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