EFFECT OF VIOLENT TELEVISION PROGRAMME ON NIGERIAN YOUTHS
| Format: Ms Word | 1-5 Chapters | Table of Content|
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Abstract
This study investigates the impact of the Violence TV Program on the cultural and behavioral characteristics of Nigerian youths. It focuses on the impact of violent TV shows on Nigeria Polytechnic students. The study contends that current trends in cultural behavior among Nigerian adolescents, as witnessed among Osun State Polytechnic, Iree student Iree, are significantly connected with their impression of Western culture and exposure to violence in television programs. The importance of youth in any given civilization cannot be overstated. What affects the adolescents, as future generations of the society and leaders of tomorrow, should be of paramount concern to every well-meaning person, and thus must be given appropriate attention. This is why many research have attempted to investigate the detrimental impacts of television and video films on viewers, particularly young people. Apart from parental influence, television has become possibly the most powerful impact on the ideas, attitudes, and behaviors of youngsters in Nigeria, as in other developing and established nations throughout the world. In recent years, there have been far too many international and domestic violent programs that are a mash-up of crime, sex, terror, and violence. The fact that the age group most attracted to and impacted by these antisocial behaviors is young raises severe concerns, especially because violence has become a serious global concern in today’s world. The study suggests that youth violent behaviors appear to be evolving in form as violent content on television evolves in form and diversity. Because the globe has become a global village, there is a need to regulate the television content allowed into our country, as well as what our youngsters are exposed to. The research advises, among other things, that the mass media be more strictly censored. Age restrictions should be clearly stated on market media programs.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Cover Page – – – – – – – – – i
Title Page – – – – – – – – – ii
Approval Page – – – – – – – – – iii
Dedication – – – – – – – – – iv
Acknowledgement – – – – – – – – v
Table of Contents – – – – – – – – vi
Abstract – – – – – – – – – vii
| CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION |
|
| 1.1 Background of the Study – – – – – | 1 |
| 1.2 Statement of the Research Problem – – – – | 2 |
| 1.3 Objective of the Study – – – – – – | 3 |
| 1.4 Significance of the Study – – – – – | 3 |
| 1.5 Research Question – – – – – – – | 3 |
| 1.6 Research Hypothesis – – – – – – | 4 |
| 1.7 Scope/Delimitation of the Study – – – – | 4 |
| 1.8 Assumption of the Study – – – – – | 4 |
| 1.9 Limitation of the Study – – – – – | 5 |
| 1.10 Conceptional and Operational Definition – – – | 5 |
| CHAPTER TWO LITERATURE REVIEW | |
| 2.1 Sources of Literature – – – – – – | 6 |
| 2.2 Review of Relevant Literature – – – – – | 6 |
- Theoretical Framework – – – – – – 12
- Summary of the Literature – – – – – 14
CHAPTER THREE
| METHODOLOGY | |||
| 3.1 Research Design – – – – – – – | 16 | ||
| 3.2 Area of the Study – – – – – – | 16 | ||
| 3.3 Population of the Study – – – – – – | 16 | ||
| Research Sample and Sampling Technique – –
Instrument used for Data Collection – – – 17 |
17 | ||
| Validity of the Instrument – – – – – 18
Method of Collecting Data – – – – – 18 |
|||
| 3.8 Method of Data Analysis – – – – – –
CHAPTER FOUR |
18 | ||
| 4.1 Date Analysis and Presentation – – – | – 39 | ||
| 4.2 Hypotheses Testing — – – — | – – | 47 | |
| 4.3 Discussion of Findings – – – – | – – | 52 | |
| CHAPTER FIVE | |||
- Summary – – – – – – – – 58
- Recommendation – – – – – – – 59
- Conclusion – – – – – – — – 61
- Suggestion for further Studies – – – – 63
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
The media’s persuasive influence in modern culture cannot be overstated. Since the advent of television, there have been fervent efforts from a variety of concerned parties, including parents, teachers, legislators, and other professionals, to investigate the impact of television programs, particularly the negative impact, particularly on youths; television appears to have played a major role in this regard more than any other media. Vasan (2010) adds to the above-mentioned problem. Radio, television, movies, videos, video games, computer networks, and the internet have all taken on significant roles in our social surroundings.
Children have access to and consume a wide range of media forms, many of which contain high amounts of violence. Most houses have television sets, and watching television (TV) is the most common activity for children, second only to sleeping. According to Lomonaco, Kim, and Ottaviano (2010), the average child in the United States spends four hours per day watching television. Nigeria’s scenario is not much different. Most children aged 5 to 20 spend more than 6 hours a day using entertainment media (television, commercial and self-recorded videos, movies, video games, print, radio, recorded music, computers, and the internet) (Roberts, Foctir, and Rideout, 2005). Watching Nigerian movies (African Magic), most of which have a high level of violence, has recently become a popular pastime among many young people. The inference is that by the age of 18, the average child will have observed several acts of violence, including killings. According to Beresin (2009), up to 20 acts of violence occur per hour in children’s programming.
Television in its uniqueness, is unarguably the most popular and effective medium of communication that is an inescapable part of modern culture. As the most important feature of contemporary society, television penetrates into almost every home in contemporary society and provides information, entertainment and role models of great influence to the young generation. It is a potent medium for mass dissemination of information like news telecast, special sports, announcements, advertisements and press releases among others. Besides the vital role of conveying information, television programmes are also designed to entertain and appeal to the emotion of the viewers, and perhaps inadvertently sometimes, through the characters portrayed in them. Television sets are commonly present in every Nigerian parlour and bedrooms. The effect of having a Television set in a youths’ bedroom is that it increases their Television viewing hauts. It may also imply that parents will be less likely to monitor the content of what is watched, and might not be able to set consistent rules for media use. Also, such children might participate in fewer alternative activities, like reading, sports and games.
Different people have given different definitions to the term “culture.” The various meanings of culture are based on the variations in peoples’ orientations. Culture is a construct utilized, according to Ekeh (1989), in an effort to examine and integrate events and ideas across a wide range of social contexts. According to Jekayinka (2002), culture encompasses the full range of human behavior that is socially passed down from generation to generation. According to Obiora (2002), cultural change happens gradually rather than overnight. He (2002) argues that culture is a dynamic process that is constantly changing. It alters precisely in the same manner that people do. It is dynamic and spreads from one generation to the next through contact or other forms of communication. As a result of the adoption and adaption of the modernists’ answer to underdevelopment, it is observed that Nigerian culture is vanishing. Lerner (1956) provided one of these hypotheses that relates to this deceptive strategy of attacking international communication. According to Lerner’s definition of “empathy,” for societies in third-world countries to undergo modern social change, its citizens must have empathy for the West. On the other hand, Schramm (1964) created an intriguing model in which he compares the degree of social development of communication among various countries. Individual modernity and access to these contemporary mass media (radio, television, movies, telephone, and newspapers) are related. In response to these findings, Nigeria and other developing nations spent a sizable portion of their foreign exchange profits to import radio and television transmitters and sets. Particularly for children, television shows offer a wealth of influential role models and numerous chances for observational learning.
The television programmes include:
- Depiction of sex
- Violence
- Drug and Alcohol used
- Vulgar Language – behaviours. Etc. that most parents do not want their children to imitate.
Studies have been found by early adolescence that the average Nigerian children have watched thousands of dramatized murders and countless other acts of violence on television (www.encarta.com). For many years, psychologists have debated the question of whether watching violence on TV have detrimental effects on children. A number of experiments both inside and outside the laboratory have found evidence that viewing TV violence is relayed to increased aggression in children.
Nigerians have raised their eyebrows at such Western television programs, as evidenced by trends in Iree Metropolis where Western exports of television entertainment and information are broadcast on NTA Iree, ESBS Television, Minaj Channel, Cartoon Network, and ESPN – “Expanded Sports programmes Network” channel provided by various satellite transmission operators as DSTV, Multi-Choice, Music Television, Euro-Sports, etc. causing them to speak like them, act like them, and even associate with them. Even our generation that is shown on NTA Iree and the youth perspective on ESBS are presented by youth and replete with music video of Western origin dominated by rape stars as (Late) Tupac, Beyonce, Ashanti, 50- Cent, Sean Paul, Kelly Rowland, Celine Dion, etc. It is the researcher’s believe that violence television especially American television exports have a strategic “weapon” aimed to over power Nigerian youths. Even in shows that aren’t promoted as violent, there is frequently a significant amount of violence. In general, nine times an hour or more of prime time television features weapons. Particularly violent programming for children. Even in cartoons, violence on TV is present. These shows are less likely to highlight the long-term effects of violence and more likely to juxtaposition violence with humor.
1.2 STATEMENT OF THE RESEARCH PROBLEM
Without a doubt, the movies that young people see have a direct impact on their actions and help them develop ideas that they relate to real life. Therefore, as young people watch television and video content and see what their peers do elsewhere, such as how they dress, speak, dance, and behave in their various homes, schools, and so on, they tend to mimic and even improve on what they already know. Over the years, Western films (movies) broadcast on television in Africa and other developing nations have been held responsible for encouraging or inducing a variety of undesirable habits among many young people. As Ravid & Basuroy (2004) speculate, this side effect of the influx of foreign films may not be unrelated to the desire to maximize profits for the West on the global market. The influence of Western television programmes on Nigerian youths have been said to be a serious problem facing Nigerians. Despite being a divisive topic of discussion, the truth of media’s impact on society cannot be overemphasized. On the one hand, there is the vehement argument that the media’s continuous existence cannot be rationally justified if they have no impact on society. On the other side, there is also the argument that the admission of the media’s influence on human mind and attitude does not hold them accountable for the emergence of human foibles and discomforts in society (Okeoma, 2011). According to Omoera et al. (2017), “there is a consensus that a certain pattern of behavior in young people can be traced back to the kind of programmes which they see on television and films.” According to the above comment, the media has enormous capacity to mold people’s opinions and beliefs, change their habits, and, of course, actively shape their behavior. According to Okeoma, research demonstrates that there is an indisputable link between the mass media and societal illnesses, as well as other behavioral and attitudinal changes that occur in society.
1.3 OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY
The main objective is to conduct an in-depth research on the influence of Western television programmes on the Nigerian youths with an insight to determine its implication to Nigerian youths are:
- To show how the contents of Western television programme affects Nigerian Polytechnic
- To examines its pervasive impact on Nigerian Polytechnic
- To know how to isolate Western television programmes from.
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