THE CHALLENGES AND PROSPECTS OF STUDENT SELF-SPONSORSHIP IN ALVAN IKOKU FEDERAL COLLEGE OF EDUCATION OWERRI
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ABSTRACT
It is an undeniable fact that students self-sponsorship in inevitable in our society today owing to many factors some of which have been discussed vividly at length under different headings above. This category of students who are motivated by their zeal, determination and aspirations to change their poor status in life in what sociologist described as up-ward mobilization are exposed to so many challenges with payment of school fees, buying of textbooks, punctuality to lectures/exams, feeding and accommodation at the centre of their challenges/problems.As ways of providing help to this category of students in our society a clarion call is hereby made through public votes as gathered by the researchers that government, non-governmental organizations (NGO’s) and public spirited individuals should join hands together to alleviate the problems of self-sponsored students through scholarships, sponsorship, reduction of school fees and the creation of favorable job opportunities which can harbour them and afford them the opportunity to be schooling and working with minimum stress and working hours.
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background to the Study
During the colonial era in Nigeria, school system was set aside for a special group of people in the society. Mostly the sons and daughters of the elites. In this era, schools were been runned by the missionaries who only educate these selected groups of individuals from the affluent families of royal-hood and merchandise, severed the interest of the Europeans.
Conversely, this has much attachment to the etymological backdrop of school in its original context as derived from the Greek word “leisume” or that which leisure is employed. Hence, only those who have mark of prince-hood or princes-hood were opportuned to have access to Western education and values, denying those who do not have their background as prince and princess, the equal opportunity to receive western values. Improving student’s academic and behavioural outcomes is about ensuring that all should have access to the most effective and most accurately implemented instructional and behavioural practices and interventions possible without any form of racial discrimination” (Ouspenky 2000). This implies that without any form of discrimination, education should be the right of every Nigerian child.
The system in the post-independent era had a new shape, when the government took over the educational system variation began to occur in the type of people that seek to acquire education as it was no longer strictly preserved for the sons and daughters of royal highness, but open for anybody who can afford to meet up basic requisite that accompanies western education. Accordingly, in additional to making basic education the universal right of every citizens of Nigeria Child, was also a propelling force that acted as a catalyst to the less privileged group to logically pursue education in equal rate with the wealthy men sons and daughters, regardless of what they may weird through.
Obviously, in one and same schools, exist different category of students, that is students of first category and student of second category. These differences between students are determined solely by their attitudes towards instructions, passion intelligence and interest to academic, (Routledge and Kegan, 2000). These categories of students as identified operates at different levels according to their background, performance and sponsorship. The first according to Rutledge and Kegan includes those whose parents are in position to provide every needed facilities for their academic pursuit while the second group makes up those who do not have anybody to provide for their needs to facilitate schooling but for self-sponsorship through combining of schooling and working in most cases.
On this background therefore, self-Sponsored students refers to those students who deemed it vital to acquire education but in reverse, do not have the needed basic financial background and other significant capabilities that can make them relatively stable in the school environment. Most people that fall into these group/category make up the lower class according to sociologist in analysis of social stratification of the society (Gerald: 2008). Many do jobs as watch man, security and other par time works. Some others engage in academic problems-solving which are referred to as “runs”, for their follow students in the school.
The issue of self Sponsored students from a platform in the contemporary society and the school system has followed a common trends that these students break rules and regulations in school through engaging in exam malpractices and, other forms of social vices.Consequently the challenges facing these students seems to be enormous particularly in Alvan Ikoku Federal College of Education Owerri.
1.2 Statement of the Problem
It is popularly acceptable that education is the bedrock of the development of any given society. Every society has the family as it nucleus. Therefore the kind of foundation a family built for its descendant reflects and influences the society. Since the proliferation of education in Nigeria, many families have made frantic effort in sending their wards to school so that they can stand the chance of developing themselves, families and the society in general. But certain challenges such as the death of one or both parents or even a key sponsor has exposed many students to self – sponsorship in education.
Many of these students because of their conditions and desire to survive see the school as a place for manipulation to eke a living. Maslow (2013), asserted that academic crimes committed in schools such as result/ certificate forgery, impersonation, exam malpractice, sorting etc, showed that the self-sponsored student top the list of those been recommended for expulsion or step down, depending on the gravity of the offence committed. It is in view of these challenges that this research work is aimed at investigating the incidence of self sponsored students and the strategies to reduce the negative effects of self sponsorship in A.I.F.C.E Owerri.
1.3 Purpose of the Study
The general purpose of this study is to explore the incidences of self sponsorship in higher institutions. Specifically, the work is premised on certain objectives which includes to;
i. Identified the cause of students self-sponsorship in AIFCE
ii. Find out the problems associated with self sponsored among students and
iii. Identified the coping strategies that could be used to reduce the rate of self-sponsorship in AIFCE.
1.4 Research Questions
The following research questions will guide the study
- What are the cause of student’s self-sponsorship among students in AIFCE?
- What are the problems associated with self-sponsored among students?
- What are the coping strategies that could be used to reduce the rate of self-sponsorship in AIFCE?
1.5 Significance of the study
The study will be significant in a number of ways: it will help to increase student’s level of awareness and understanding on how to cope when faced with a challenges of lack of support in their academic ambitions. Findings will also educate teachers on how to address and assist students who are faced with the challenge of self-sponsorship. The government and educational administrators need empirical data on the way of supporting student who are financially incapable of sponsoring their academics. The research will serves as a reference materials for other researchers who might want to do further investigation on this topic.
1.6 Scope of the study
The focus of this research is on the challenges and prospects of student self-sponsorship in Owerri. The study is however restricted to the premises of Alvan Ikoku Federal College of Education Owerri. The respondents of this study shall therefore be students from Alvan Ikoku Federal College of Education Owerri. It is the believe of the researcher that these group of students most of them are facing these challenges.
1.7 Limitation of this study
Financial constraint: Insufficient fund tends to impede the efficiency of the researcher in sourcing for the relevant materials, literatures or informations and in the process of data collections (internet, questionnaire and interviews).
Time constraint: The researcher simultaneously engage in the study with other academic work. This consequently will cut down on the time devoted for the research work.
1.8 Definition of Terms
Self-sponsorship: Self sponsorship is a method of advocating for yourself and your achievements. Self-sponsorship is a term that generally refers to when a person obtains admission into college, a visa or work permit without being sponsored by another person.
Students: A student is someone who is enrolled in a degree-granting program (either undergraduate or graduate) at an institution of higher learning and registered full-time according to the definition of his/her respective academic institution, and who is not employed full-time.
University: This is an institution of higher learning providing facilities for teaching and research and authorized to grant academic degrees.
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