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THE IMPACT OF LEADERSHIP STYLE ON WORKERS’ PERFORMANCE: CASE STUDY OF ACCESS BANK PLC, UYO

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Abstract

This study sought to examine the impact of leadership style on workers’ performance using Access Bank Plc. To achieve this objective, four research questions and one research hypothesis were formulated to guide this study. The data collected were analyzed using simple percentages and tables to analyze research questions and Chi-square statistical tool was used to test research hypothesis using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) software. A structured questionnaire was used as the major instrument of data collection from the staff of Access Bank Plc. The survey research design was adopted for the study and after a careful analysis of the data, the following findings revealed that leadership style or pattern impacts on the performance of workers in an organisation. The study concluded with some recommendations leaders and organizations should adequately motivate their employers so as to encourage them to perform better and      improve their commitment towards achieving the organizational goals.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

1.1   BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

Leadership is one of those qualities that you know when you see it, but is difficult to describe. There are almost as many definitions as there are commentators. Many associate leadership with one person leading. Four things stand out in this respect. First, to lead involves influencing others. Second, where there are leaders there are followers. Third, leaders seem to come to the fore when there is a crisis or special problem. In other words, they often become visible when an innovative response is needed. Fourth, leaders are people who have a clear idea of what they want to achieve and why. Thus, leaders are people who are able to think and act creatively in non-routine situations – and who set out to influence the actions, beliefs and feelings of others. In this sense being a ‘leader’ is personal. It flows from an individual’s qualities and actions. However, it is also often linked to some other role such as manager or expert. Here there can be a lot of confusion. Not all managers, for example, are leaders; and not all leaders are managers.

Leaders need a new mix of competencies to properly shape their board and develop their subordinates to meet 21st-century challenges. Shifting cultures, rapidly changing technology and other factors will require new patterns of leadership. The 21st-century leaders will need greater awareness of diverse factors and new sets of competencies – characteristics that lead to success on the job – to help them make relevant, correct and timely decisions in the leadership of change and leadership of people.

An important factor in the leadership process is the relationship that a leader has with individual followers. Previous researches have shown that successful interaction between leaders and their followers are central to the overall functioning of a company (Noormala and Syed, (2009); Graen and Uhl-Bien, (1995)). High-quality leader-follower relationships have been found to have impact on employee performance, organizational commitment, delegation, empowerment, and job satisfaction (Noormala and Syed, (2009); Gerstner and Day, (1997)). One rationale for this study is that good leader-follower relationships are vital to ensure the effective functional of any company.

Read Also: INFLUENCE OF LEADERSHIP STYLE ON EMPLOYEES’ PERFORMANCE IN GOVERNMENT ESTABLISHMENTS

1.2   STATEMENT OF RESEARCH PROBLEM

The interest in the influence of leadership on worker’s performance represents an alternative to the traditional focus on the leader as the center of attention and power, as with the sun in the “solar system.” Although the qualities of leaders are obviously important, especially in teamwork in particular, leaders need the skills to engage followers in productive and satisfying mutual pursuits. However, this is a departure from the usual way of seeing leader qualities as possessions, rather than interpersonal links to others involved in shared activities.

Because not all leaders wish to be participative, understanding and overcoming such reluctance to involve followers becomes important. Not least as a source of resistance is the problem of shared responsibility and who will be accountable. It is on this background that this research work aims to assess the extent to which leadership impacts on the productivity of the workers.

 

1.3   OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY

The objective of this study can be stated as follows:

  1. To investigate the impact of leadership style on workers’ performance in the Nigerian business environment.
  2. To evaluate the importance of leader-employee/follower relations in organizational building.
  3. To identify the problems associated with leader-employees relationship in the business environment.
  4. To make suggestions on leadership patterns with the view of improving employees’ performance

 

1.4   RESEARCH QUESTIONS

The study would examine the following questions:

  1. To what extent does leadership style influence employees’ performance?
  2. How does leader-employee relations affect organisational growth?
  3. What are the factors that hinders cordial leader-employees relationship?
  4. What leadership style could be adopted to improve employees’ performance?

 

 

1.5   RESEARCH HYPOTHESIS

H0:    That leadership style or pattern does not impact on the performance of workers in an organisation.

H1:    That leadership style or pattern impacts on the performance   of workers in an organisation.

 

1.6   RESEARCH METHODOLOGY AND SOURCES OF DATA

Primary data shall be used in the course of this research work. It shall be sourced via the survey method i.e the questionnaire designed by the researcher and distributed to the respondents. The researcher would then collect the filled questionnaire from the respondents in order to analyse the data collected with the appropriate statistical instruments(s).

The data, which will be collected from the questionnaire, will be analysed using the simple percentage method and chi-square, goodness of fit. The simple percentages will be calculated by dividing the total number of questions answered by the total number of questions and then multiply by 100.

 

 

 

1.6   SCOPE OF THE STUDY

The scope of this study will be limited to the influence of leadership and leadership styles on the performance of employees in the banking industry in Nigeria. The research work will focus mainly on leader-follower relations and how it affects the performance of the workers. The study also aims at using Access Bank Plc for the sampling of opinions. The field survey shall be conducted in Lagos because it is the commercial nerve of the country.

 

1.7   SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

The significance of this research work is that it would explore the impact of leadership on the performance of employees in organizations with special references to Nigerian context. This particular industry was chosen because of the rigour employees are made to go through in the industry in the course of meeting the targets of the management. This has affected the economic, social and private lives of the employees. It is intended to investigate whether employees’ performance is related to the leadership style adopted by the management. It is hoped that this study would contribute to the promotion of the existing frontier or boundary between human knowledge and strengthen the relationship between the management/employer and the employee in the banking industry of Nigeria.

 

1.8   PLAN OF THE STUDY

This research work will be divided into five chapters. The first chapter will be introduction. Chapter two will focus on the literature review and theoretical framework of leadership.

The third Chapter will be based on the methodology stating the sample design and the sampling method to be used. Chapter four would comprise the interpretation and analysis of responses from the questionnaire that would be collected using the Chi-square (X2) statistical tool while the final chapter, which is chapter five, comprises the summary of findings, conclusion, and recommendation.

 

 

 

 

 

 

REFERENCES

Akpala A. (1991) Principles of Management – A Nigerian Approach. Lagos: Fourth Dimension Publishers Ltd.

Drucker P. (1975) Management. London: Heinemann Publishing Co. Ltd.

Graen G. and Uhl-Bien, M. (1995) Relationship-based approach to leadership: Development of leader-member exchange (LMX) theory of leadership over 25 years: Applying a multi-level multi-domain perspective. Leadership Quarterly. 6, pp. 219 – 247.

Gerstner, C. and Day, D. (1997) Meta-analytic rview of leader-member exchange theory: correlates and construct issues. Journal of Applied Pyschology. 82(6), pp. 827 – 844.

Noormala A. I. and Syed S. A. (2009) The Effects of Leader-Member Exchange on Organizational Justice and Organizational Citizenship Behaviour: Empirical Study. European Journal of Social Sciences. 8(2), pp. 324-334.

 

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