THE IMPACT OF NEWS COMMENTARIES ON RADIO LISTENERS (A CASE STUDY OF FEDERAL RADIO CORPORATION OF NIGERIA ENUGU)
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TABLE OF CONTENT
Title page
Approval page
Dedication
Acknowledgment
Abstract
Table of content
CHAPTER ONE
1.0 INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background of the study
1.2 Statement of problem
1.3 Objective of the study
1.4 Research Hypotheses
1.5 Significance of the study
1.6 Scope and limitation of the study
1.7 Definition of terms
1.8 Organization of the study
CHAPETR TWO
2.0 LITERATURE REVIEW
CHAPETR THREE
3.0 Research methodology
3.1 sources of data collection
3.3 Population of the study
3.4 Sampling and sampling distribution
3.5 Validation of research instrument
3.6 Method of data analysis
CHAPTER FOUR
DATA PRESENTATION AND ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION
4.1 Introductions
4.2 Data analysis
CHAPTER FIVE
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Summary
5.3 Conclusion
5.4 Recommendation
Appendix
ABSTRACT
The aim of this research project is to know the essence of radio commentaries and its impact on the listeners. The project stars with information which given insight into the historical back ground of news commentaries. It processed to examine the impact news commentaries creates to this listens and the distinguishing features. It then derives into detailed exposition of relevant literature formation of research question and hypothesis. The research question was formulated to properly address the problem on radio commentary in relation to its listens. Questionnaire were administered to the sampled respondents. The findings on the study revealed that news commentaries have less impact on some resident of the country as a result of low level of awareness and illiteracy. The research recommended that radio news commentaries should create enough awareness to control the effect of illiteracy level of respondent and also further studies should be encouraged.
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
The history of radio news commentary in Nigeria dated back to the 1930’s when what was known as radio receiver was just a wooden box and as amp liter. The audience has been thrilled by these live commentaries run by various pioneer commentators. Ever since the tradition of running radio commentary has remained with radio to this day.
In presidential democracy such as ours news commentary whether on the radio newspaper or television do not only serve as surveyor of public opinion but also serve as a requisite for bridging the credibility gap between government and the governed. Perhaps, it might be necessary to draw a line of distinction between news and news commentary. A news caster presents straight news without additional comment. While a news talk provides background information to the new. Writing on the uses of radio, Richard Aspinall said that: “with limits radio can persuade and effectively influence large audience thereby contributing substantially to the thinking of the nation” in the Nigeria media house today news commentary has become a ferment feature. Airtime is allowed to news commentary immediately after major news- bulletins perhaps as an attention gaining strategy. The media house not only give air space to commentaries written by its own staff but also uses those written in the additional headlines of various new papers this giving freedom of expression a chance.
Today the media house news- commentary not only interpret the news but sometimes comment on societal problems but what happens to the problems or issues of the society and the views expressed by the news- talk after these Tracie broadcasts as in the media house? Do they influence the attitude and an opinion of the country’s listening public?
Furthermore, Perhaps 50 percent of each radio news commentary listeners who forget to fund their radio during commentary do so are more accustomed to the newspaper additional page to which they can easily refer may be and may be not we shall find cut through survey in the subsequent chapters.
Owing to the fact that news- commentary are aired to listeners and are not seen we have therefore taken it upon ourselves to present at least except of two news commentary aired by ESBS and FRCN.
Is it not often said that seeing is believing? Indeed sight or vision is an indispensable in learning and retention –vision is said to aid the memory to produce previously retained content. And for quick remembrance of past new-talks by respondents these excerpts shall serve as basis for our analyses. We shall present them to our respondents for answers
1.2 STATEMENT OF PROBLEM
A country like Nigeria with diverse culture and human resource & need radio commentaries or news talk capable of interpreting events bordering global and societal issues. Obviously these news-commentary are staunchly provided to listeners on a daily basis. Unfortunately about 80% of radio listeners ignore news- talk once they have listened to actual news broadcast but radio listeners are 100% attentive to sport commentaries. If all radio commentaries are said to interpret events occurring earlier on illuminating the hidden fact (news behind the news) to the layman then it is to be preferred to actual broadcast.
Moreover generally the Nigeria audience seems not to appreciate radio commentaries as their western counterpart who listen to radio and write feedback to their radio stations such as BBC which in turn offers them a round the clock service.
1.3 OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY
Based on the above introduction of the study and statement of the problems, the major objectives of the study are as follows:
- To find out how exposed the audience are to radio news commentaries.
- To investigate the suggestions and opinion that would offer by the news talk as solution to societal problems.
- To assess the criteria for selecting the news talk to be aired.
- To know the extent of impact of radio news commentaries on people’s social behavior.
1.4 RESEARCH QUESTIONS
- How exposed are the audience to radio news commentaries?
- To what extent have the suggestion and opinion offered by the news talk as solution to societal problems been adopted in the society?
- What are the criteria for selecting among others the news talk to be aired?
- To what extent is the impact of radio news commentaries on people’s social behavior?
1.5 RESEARCH HYPOTHESES
The study developed and formulated the following hypotheses for statistical test:
H0: There is no significant relationship between news commentaries and public awareness.
H1: There is a significant relationship between news commentaries and public awareness.
H20: There is no significant relationship between the suggestions and opinions offered by the news commentaries and solutions to societal challenges.
H21: There is no significant relationship between the suggestions and opinions offered by the news commentaries and solutions to societal challenges.
1.6 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
The foregoing objectives apart the present study must be seen to be significance or relevant to mass communication at least on two grounds. First, it focuses on Nigeria media consumer on news- commentaries which is a medium essentially designed for news broadcast and its obligatory effort interpreting new to its listeners through commentaries.
The second point or relevance of this study is its typology. Being an audience research this study seeks to emphasis that communication without feedback is incomplete. We might wrap up this relevance of feedback in the words of Quall and Brown
“In any communication system feedback from receivers to a communicator is a necessary ingredient for maximum efficiency. This is the only true indicator of the effectiveness to reach the people and it provides the only safe basis for alteration of any format”
1.7 DEFINITION OF TERMS
We are obligated to define the conceptual and key operational definitions are given blow:
- Commentary: This offer listener information on current issues or research of current relevance which helps in directing the minds of the entire audience including those in authority and subjects.
- Impact: According to the oxford paper- back dictionary it means idea in as much as this is valid. Impact here shall be operationally seen to be effective in result of radio news talk. It provides such detailed and in-depth opinion as would enable the listeners to interpret the significance of news.
- Listener: These are the audience of radio news talk.
- ESBS and FRCN: ESBS stands for Enugu state broadcasting service and FRCA stands for federal radio corporation of Nigeria.
- Effectiveness: This means that ESBS /FRCN commentaries are achieving the intended result aims and objective to which it was established.
- Method of Presentation: This is the technique to which commentary is delivered to the target audience through radio.
1.8 ORGANIZATION OF THE STUDY
The study is divided into five chapters. Chapter one deals with the study’s introduction and gives a background to the study. Chapter two reviews related and relevant literature. The chapter three gives the research methodology while the chapter four gives the study’s analysis and interpretation of data. The study concludes with chapter five which deals on the summary, conclusion and recommendation.
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