AN ASSESSMENT OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF NEWSPAPER COVERAGE OF KIDNAPPING IN NIGERIA COMPARATIVE STUDY OF THE PUNCH AND DAILY VANGUARD
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CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background of the Study
The continued challenges of preventing modern slavery in Nigeria are highlighted by civil turmoil, terror threats, widespread corruption, and continual kidnappings of Nigerians, notably the well-publicized abduction of schoolgirls by terrorist group Boko Haram. In the context of human trafficking, modern slavery occasionally starts with kidnapping. However, kidnapping is not a recent occurrence. Kidnapping is as old as human history, according to religious parables concerning the cunning kidnapping of Prophet Joseph (may peace be upon him) contained in both the Holy Bible and the Holy Qur’an. Tzanelli (2006, p. 128) noted that the term “kidnapping” as it is used today originated in 17th-century Britain, when infants from wealthy families were “kidnapped”—that is, taken while they slept—for ransom. Global Slavery Index (2014) revealed that during 2014, militias in eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) continued to kidnap men, women, and children during village raids and hold them as slaves, indicating that the problem is growing globally. 267 women and kids were sexually abused by armed groups in April and May of 2014. Since the early 1990s, kidnapping has also been occurring in Nigeria (Hazen & Horner 2007). Kidnappings are still a major factor in the uneasy atmosphere that exists in the Niger Delta, the South East, and the Southwest. Most lately, the northern Nigerian states have also been the target of hostage-taking. The Nigeria Police Force documented 887 instances nationwide between 2008 and 2010 (Action on Armed Violence, 2013).
In Nigeria, kidnapping is a widespread issue that has deeply ingrained itself into the national fabric. However, it is more common during periods of political unrest such as terrorism and insurgency. The 2014 kidnapping of 250 girls from a secondary school in Chibok, Borno State, and numerous other kidnappings by Boko Haram are indicative of the rising number of kidnappings occurring in Nigeria (Dodo, 2010).
According to Hazen and Horner (2007, p. 65), certain groups in the Niger Delta have utilized the kidnapping of foreign oil workers as a means of drawing attention to the dire circumstances facing the Delta’s residents, the harm that oil spills and the oil industry cause to the environment, and the need for more local control over the extraction of natural resources. There have been stories of large ransom payments, which have been used to further support the activities of these parties, therefore the use of this approach has not only been political. As a matter of fact, the strategy has proven to be so profitable that several criminal organizations seem to have undertaken the work purely for financial gain. Kidnapping has detrimental effects on the victims, their families, and the State as a whole in addition to financial gain. In order to develop policy recommendations for addressing the issue in Nigeria and elsewhere, it is necessary to conduct a methodical analysis of the situation in order to determine its underlying causes and its disastrous effects. Previous research has been done on the phenomenon of kidnapping.
While studying kidnapping at the worldwide level, Freeman (2016, p. 8) limited her analysis to child abduction even though she saw it from a global viewpoint. Although she primarily concentrated on political kidnapping, File-Muriel (2013.p.16) also looked into the issue of kidnapping. Uzorma and Nwanegbo-Ben (2014, p. 66) investigated the topic of kidnapping and hostage-taking in southeast Nigeria in further detail. Their research focused only on Southern Nigeria, where economic considerations may be the primary cause of kidnapping; in the South-South, environmental conflict is the main element; in the Northeast and Northwestern regions, poverty and terrorism may be the primary causes.
But kidnapping is a terrible problem that disturbs the peace and peaceful comfort of the nation. It is sufficient to mention that this study found that abduction has extended to Nigeria’s nooks and crannies as a result of youth unemployment, poverty, and laziness, which encourages disgruntled members to band together to commit violence and criminality. Considering this, Dodo (2010, p. 14). concludes that a significant issue facing the majority of nations worldwide has been unemployment. Nigeria is a developing nation with a high percentage of youth unemployment, which has turned into one of the main risks to the security of the country.
It is crucial to recognize that young people have the potential to be leaders in any country in the world. They are a powerful force, and if their energies are directed in the right directions, that country will see enormous growth and development. However, if their energies are diverted toward activities that are harmful to national development, that country will face a host of issues, including poverty, unemployment, terrorism, cultism, militancy, and kidnapping (Tzanelli, 2006).
Similarly, Ibrahim (2016) claims that a number of young people have moved from rural to urban areas to meander around major thoroughfares, where they have been lured in with promises of money and enlisted into various gangs or secret cults where they are trained as ethnic militia to inflict terror on other innocent members of their sponsors’ society. These youths have been affected by parental neglect, inadequate counseling, poor skill acquisition, and the drop-out syndrome.
1.2 Statement of the Problem
Security of lives and property is one of the issues that both the general public and the government of a given society are interested in. In fact, most peace-loving people, groups, and governments find it least acceptable when there is a security breach, such as in the case of kidnapping, abduction, bomb explosion, and so forth, which could cause physical harm to a victim, destroy property, or result in the loss of human life. However, it seems that security lapses in Nigeria, especially abduction, are on the rise more than they have in previous years. It stands to reason that the mass media, which has a social duty to tell the public about certain social situations, may have given topics that teeter on the verge of kidnapping more attention and informed the public accordingly. It is anticipated that magazine reports on those concerns may not have been fully covered given the periodic nature of magazines, even though the broadcast media may not have given such issues greater airtime due to an excessive number of other programs.Thus, it is important to pose the fundamental query: how much did Nigerian media outlets cover kidnapping there?
TABLE OF CONTENTS
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background of the Study
1.2 Statement of the Problem
1.3 Objectives of the Study
1.4 Research Questions
1.5 Significance of the Study
1.6 Scope of the Study
1.7 Definition of Terms
Chapter Two
Literature Review
2.1 Conceptual Framework
2.2 Theoretical Framework
2.3 Empirical Review
CHAPTER THREE
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
3.1 Research Design
3.2 Population of the Study
3.3 Sample Size
3.4 Sampling Technique
3.5 Instruments for Data Collection
3.6 Validity of the Instrument
3.7 Reliability of the Instrument
CHAPTER FOUR
DATA PRESENTATION AND ANALYSIS
Chapter Five
Summary, Conclusion and Recommendation
5.1 Summary
5.2 Conclusion
5.3 Recommendation
Reference
APPENDIX
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