ATTITUDE OF HEALTH WORKERS TOWARDS THE USE OF SAFETY DEVICES IN HEALTHCARE DELIVERY IN AKWA IBOM STATE
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
Pages
Cover Page – – – – – – – – i
Title Page – – – – – – – – ii
Certification – – – – – – – – iii
Dedication – – – – – – – – iv
Acknowledgment – – – – – – – v
Table of Contents – – – – – – – vi
List of Tables – – – – – – – ix
Abstract – – – – – – – – x
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
- Background of the Study – – – – – 1
- Statement of Problem – – – – – 2
- Significant of the Study – – – – – 2
- Justification of the Study – – – – – 3
- Broad Objectives – – – – – – 4
- Specific Objectives – – – – – – 4
- Research Questions – – – – – – 4
- Operational Definition – – – – – 5
CHAPTER TWO
LITERATURE REVIEW
2.1 Introduction – – – – – – – 6
2.2 Occupational Health and Safety – – – – 6
2.3 Procedures for Effective Prevention Strategy – – 7
2.4 Attitude of Workers towards Safety Measures – – 10
2.5 Safety Training Observation Programme (STOP) – 10
2.6 Health and Safety Management in Hospital – – 11
2.7 Shift Work – – – – – – – 12
2.8 Occupational Stress – – – – – – 13
2.9 Theoretical Framework – – – – – 13
CHAPTER THREE
METHODOLOGY
3.1 Introduction – – – – – – – 17
3.2 Study Design – – – – – – 17
3.3 Study Setting – – – – – – 17
3.4 Sample and Sampling Technique – – – – 18
3.5 Instrument Design – – – – – – 18
3.6 Method of Data Analysis – – – – – 19
3.7 Validation of Instrument – – – – – 19
3.8 Ethical Issues – – – – – – 19
3.9 Method of Data Analysis – – – – – 19
3.10 Limitation – – – – – – – 20
CHAPTER FOUR
4.0 Introduction – – – – – – – 21
4.1 Presentation of Frequency Tables – – – – 21
4.2 Discussion of Findings – – – – – 27
CHAPTER FIVE
SUMMARY, CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
5.1 Implication to Public Health Nursing – – – 30
5.2 Summary – – – – – – – 31
5.3 Conclusions – – – – – – – 32
5.4 Recommendations – – – – – – 32
References – – – – – – – 33
Appendices – – – – – – – 34
ABSTRACT
The study was concerned with the attitude of health workers towards the use of safety devices in health care delivery in Akwa Ibom State. A descriptive survey design was used. Random sampling method was used to select 120 respondents. A self designed questionnaires was used to collect data from all categories of health care workers. 100 of questionnaires were retrieved from the respondents. The data was analysed in tables and interpreted. From the analysis the result revealed that the health workers were aware of the safety devices although the usage was low and that, lack of maintenance of health safety device, poor working conditions, lack of facilities were some of the constraints. It was recommended that proper and continuous training of health workers on issues concerning health and safety measures should be intensified by the owners of health institutions.
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
Occupational health and safety encompasses the social, mental and physical well being of workers, that is “whole person”. Successful occupational health and safety practice require the collaboration and participation of both employers and workers in health and safety programmes and involves the consideration of issues relating to health care delivery. Health care delivery issues are often given more attention than workers safety in health care delivery. A population report (2006) universal blood and body fluid precaution should be followed by all health care workers in the delivery room, potentially infected fluids include material or foetal blood, amniotic fluid, placenta and membranes. Individuals exposed to a splash of potentially infected materials (e.g. deliveries) should also wear a mask and protective eyewear.
Geberating (1999) said that workers do not create hazards, in many cases the hazards are built into the work place hence occupational health and safety is to ensure that work is made safe by modifying the workplace and unsafe work processes. This means that hazards should be removed, not to try to get workers to adapt to unsafe condition. Requiring workers to wear protective clothing which may not be suited or designed for the climate of the region is an example of forcing workers to try to adapt themselves to unsafe condition which is also shifting the responsibility from health management to workers. Before any safety actions within the facility can occur, it is important from the health workers to understand the new government action, and should be well trained in the correct usage of health safety devices and criteria should be established to ensure both quality patient care and health care worker safety.
1.2 STATEMENT OF PROBLEMS
Workers afflicted with occupational diseases are much higher, in fact, overall, the number of cases and the type of occupational diseases are increasing in both developing and industrialized countries. There is an unlimited number of hazards found in almost any health workplace such as needle devices, environmental contamination, intra-exposure etc. Quality (2001) states that the rates of occupational injury in health care workers have risen over the past decades. It is against this background that this research is carried out.
1.3 SIGNIFICANT OF STUDY
This study will expose the attitude of health workers to the use of protective devices in their places of work.
It will also help in mounting training programmes to create awareness among the health workers on the use of safety devices.
The study will add to the body of knowledge about the attitudes of workers towards safety measures and to help them know how best to function in the use of safety measures.
The policy makers will plan the health services so that safety devices are made available to all health workers to prevent health occupational hazards.
The study will also be used as references point for further research in field of health and occupational health.
1.4 JUSTIFICATION OF STUDY
Despite the effort of the health ministry to encourage the use of safety measures in health care delivery among health care workers, many workers are still not using these health safety devices. It is on this note that this study is under taken to investigate how best this can be done and why the usages of safety measures are fully accomplished.
1.5 BROAD OBJECTIVES
This study is to anlayse the attitudes of health workers towards the use of safety device in health care delivery.
1.6 SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES
- To identify awareness of various safety devices in health care delivery in the study area.
- To determine the attitude of health workers towards the use of safety device in the study area.
- To identify the barriers to the use of safety devices in health care delivery in the study area.
1.7 RESEARCH QUESTIONS
- Are health workers aware of various safety devices used in health care institutions?
- What is the attitude of health workers towards the use of health safety devices in health care institutions?
- What are the constraints (barriers) to the use of safety devices by the health workers in health care institution?
1.8 OPERATIONAL DEFINITIONS
Hazards: Something likely to cause, or a loss, danger or risk. It may be factors, condition, events which predisposes man or animal to injury, disease.
Occupation: Any form of work or job a man engages himself to earn a living.
Safety: Freedom from danger
Safety Devices: Clothing or equipment that protects one from accident or injury.
Accident: A logical consequences or placing a fallible being in a potential dangerous circumstance.
Health Care Institution: A place where health care services are being rendered to a patient or client.
Attitude: Attitude is a tendency to act in a particular way which is influenced by training or socialization of an individual, thus it can be continually changed, modified, refined and added to.
Health Workers: This includes medical doctors, nurses, midwives, dentist, surgeons, radiologist, radiotherapist, laboratory technicians/ pharmacist auxiliary health workers, health extension workers/ morticians and beauticians.
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